International Standards of Practice for Inspecting Commercial Properties (2024)

This edition of InterNACHI's ComSOP was originally approved as an International Standard on November 24, 2008. It was last revised in 2019, and supersedes all previous editions. InterNACHI promotes these Standards in collaboration with its sister organization, theCertified Commercial Property Inspectors Association (CCPIA).

Ancillary Documents:

1. Purpose

1.1 The purpose of thisdocument is to define best practices and to
establish a reasonable approach for the performance ofan
inspection ofa commercial property.

2. Definitions

2.1 Core Definitions

2.1.1 Commercial Property: A commercial property is defined as the building structuresand improvements located on a parcel of commercial real estate. These mayinclude structures such as buildings with residential units operated for profit, mixed-use buildings, strip malls, motels, factories, storage facilities, restaurants and office buildings.

2.1.2 Inspection: The inspection is defined as the process ofan inspector collecting information through visual observationduring a walk-through survey ofthe subject property, conducting research about the property, and then generating a meaningful report about the condition of the property based on the observations made and research conducted by the inspector. A commercialinspection requires the inspector to make observations, conduct research, and report findings.

2.1.2.1 Observations: Observations are defined as those potential items of interest noted by the inspector during the walk-through survey portion of the inspection.

2.1.2.2 Research: Research is defined as the process of gathering information through document review and interviews to augment the observations made duringthe walk-through portion of the inspection. This research may include reviewing readily availabledocuments, such as previous inspection reports, building permits, code violation notices and environmental studies. This research may also include interviews with readily available personnel, such as building managers, tenants and owners.

2.1.2.3Report: An inspection report is defined asa written communication describingtheissues discoveredfrom observations made and researchconducted by the inspector that are, in the inspector's opinion,likely to be of interest to his/her client. A report may contain photographs of observations made during the walk-through survey portion of the inspection and/or copies of documentsreviewed during the research portion of the inspection.

2.2 Terminology Commonly Found in Commercial Property Inspection Reports:

• above-grade wall: a wall that is mostly above grade and enclosing conditioned space.
• access: that which enables a device, appliance or equipment to be reached.
• access panel: a closure device used to cover an opening into a duct, an enclosure, or equipment.
• accessibility: level of accessa building offers people with disabilities.
• accessible: in the opinion of the inspector, can be approached or entered safely without difficulty, fear or danger.
• accessory structure: an additional building to the primary building.
• activate: to turn on, supply power, or enable systems, equipment or devices to become active by normal operating controls; examples include turning on the gas or water supply valves tofixtures and appliances,or activating electrical breakers or fuses.
• actual knowledge: the knowledge possessed by an individual, as opposed to that discovered through document review.
• addition: an extension or increase in the conditioned space of a building.
• adverse conditions: conditions that may be dangerous for the inspector and maylimit the walk-through survey portion of the inspection.
• adversely affect: to constitute, or potentially constitute, a negative or destructive impact.
• air intake: an opening in a building's envelope whose purpose is to allow outside air to be drawn in to replace inside air.
• aisle: an exit access component that provides a path of egress travel.
• alarm signal: a signal indicating an emergency, such as a fire,requiring immediate action.
• alarm system: warning devices, installed or freestanding, including, but not limited to: carbon-monoxide detectors, flue gas and other spillage detectors, security equipment, ejector pumps and smoke alarms.
• alteration: any construction or renovation to an existing structure other than a repair or addition; also, a change in a mechanical system.
• appliance: utilization equipment, generally other than industrial, that is installed or connected as a unit to perform one or more functions.
• approved: acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction; also,accepted by an internationally recognized organization, such as InterNACHI.
• arc-fault circuit interrupter (AFCI): a device intended to provide protection from the effects of arc faults by recognizing characteristics unique to arcing, and by functioning to de-energize the circuit when an arc fault is detected.

• authority having jurisdiction (AHJ): an organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure. The AHJ is often the building owner, health department, insurance agent,or fire marshal.

• automatic: that which provides a function without the necessity of human intervention.

• automatic fire-extinguishing system: a system of devices and equipmentthat automatically detects a fire and discharges in an attempt to put it out.

• automatic sprinkler system: an automatedsprinkler system for fire-protection purposes.

• balcony: exterior floor projecting from and supported by a structure without additional independent supports.

• band joist: dimensional lumber used as a perimeter joist of the building framing.

• basement: that portion of a building which is partly or completely below grade.

• basement wall: a wall of a building that is mostly below grade.

• bathroom: a room containing plumbing fixtures, such as a water closet, urinal, bathtub and/or shower.

• bedroom: a room used for sleeping purposes.

• bidet: atoilet-like plumbing fixture designed to promote posterior hygiene; not a toilet.

• bonding: the permanent joining of metallic parts to form an electrically conductive path that ensures electrical continuity, and the capacity to conduct safely any fault current likely to be imposed.

• branch circuit: the circuit conductors between the final over-current device protecting the circuit and the outlet(s).

• building: the primary building subject of the commercial inspection.

• building code: rules and regulations adopted by the governmental authority having jurisdiction over the construction and/or remodeling of the commercial property.

• building department: local authority having jurisdiction over the construction, alteration and use of a property.

• building envelope: theenclosurethat defines the heated/cooled area of a building, namely, the exterior walls and roof.

• building systems: components, assemblies and systemsthat are a part of the overall building and property such as pavement, flatwork, structural components, roofing, exterior walls, plumbing, HVAC, electrical components, fire prevention, etc.

• built-in: permanently installed.
• chimney: a structure containing one or more flues for removing gases to the outside atmosphere.
• cladding: something that covers or overlays, often used to describe exterior wall coverings or metal that covers windows, doors or fascia for weather protection.
• cleanout: an accessible opening in the drainage system used for the removal of possible obstructions and for inspections; an opening in a chimney that provides access to the flue for cleaning purposes.
• clearance: the minimum distance through air measured betweenthe surface of something heat-producing and the surface of something combustible.
• clearly identifiable: capable of being recognized by a person of normal vision.
• client: the party that retains the inspector and pays for the inspection.
• code official: the officer or other government-designated authority charged with enforcement of building codes.
• combustible: describes any material that will burn.
• commercial cooking appliances: appliances used in a commercial food service establishment for heating or cooking food.
• commercial property: thebuilding structuresand improvements located on a parcel of commercial real estate. These mayinclude structures such as buildings with residential units operated for profit, mixed-use buildings, strip malls, motels, factories, storage facilities, restaurants and office buildings.
• component: a permanently installed or attached fixture, element, or part of a system.

• concealed: rendered inaccessible by the structure or finish of the building. Wires in concealed raceways are considered concealed, even though they may become accessible by withdrawing them.

• condition: the plainly visible and conspicuous state of being of a material object or thing.

• conditioned space: an area or room within a building being heated or cooled.

• connector: the pipe that connects a fuel-burning appliance to a chimney.

• consultant: apersonwith particular expertise in a subject who assists the inspector with portions of the inspection.
• contamination: an impairment of the quality of the potable water.
• crawlspace: the area within the confines of the foundation and between the ground and the underside of the lowest floor's structural component.
• cross-connection: any connection between two otherwise separate piping systems, one of which contains potable water, and the other that contains somethingthat could contaminate the potable water.
• crown: the sloped top of a masonry chimney designed to shed water away from the flue; also called a splay or a wash.
• damper: a valve or plate for controlling draft or flow of gases, including air, in a vent or ductwork; amanually-operated plate for controllingdraft in a flue.
• deck: exterior floor system supported on at least two opposing sides by an adjoining structure and/or post, piers, or other independent supports.
• decorative: ornamental; not required for the operation of essential systems and components of a building.
• defensible space: an area around a building designed to slow the rate of an advancing wildfire.
• deferred-maintenance items: deficient items that cannot be remedied with routine maintenance, generally caused by neglect.
• describe: to report, in writing, a system or component by its type or other observed characteristics to distinguish it from other components used for the same purpose.
• destructive: an act of demolishing, damaging or probing any system, structure or component, or to dismantle any system or component that would not be taken apart by an ordinary person in the course of normal maintenance.
• determine: to arrive at an opinion or conclusion pursuant to examination.
• disconnected: shut down.
• dismantle: to open, take apart or remove any component, device or piece that would not typically be opened, taken apart, or removed by an ordinary occupant.
• duct: a passageway, tube or conduit utilized for the transmission of air and vapors.
• due diligence: a level of care in the inspection process that varies, depending upon the scope of work agreed upon by the inspector and his/her client.
• dwelling unit: a single unit providing complete, independent living facilities, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation.
• easement: that portion of a land or property reserved for use by a person or agency other than the owner of the property.
• easily visible: describes systems, items and components that are both conspicuous and in plain sight, absent of the needfor intrusive inspection techniques, probing,disassembly, or the use of special equipment.
• egress: a means of exiting.
• emergency shutoff valve: avalve designed to shut off the flow of gases or liquids.
• energy analysis: a method for estimating the annual energy use of a building.
• energy-recovery ventilation system: a system thatuses air-to-air heat exchangers to recover energy from exhaust air for the purpose of pre-heating or pre-cooling outdoor air prior to supplying the air to an interior space.
• engineering service: any professional service or creative work requiring engineering education, training and experience, and the application of special knowledge of the mathematical, physical and engineering sciences to such professional service or creative work as consultation, investigation, evaluation, planning, design and/or supervision of construction for the purpose of assuring compliance with the specifications and design, in conjunction with structures, buildings, machines, equipment, works or processes.
• enter: to access or go into an area to observevisible components.
• evaluate: to assess the systems, structures and/or components of a building.
• evidence: plainly visible and conspicuous material objects or other things presented to the senses that would tend to produce conviction in the mind of an ordinary person as to the existence or non-existence of a fact.
• examine: to visually examine; to look for and identify material physical deficiencies in systems, structures or components of a building through a non-intrusive physical inspection. See inspect.
• existing: buildings, facilities or conditions which are already in existence. This Standard is designed to be used to inspect existing commercial properties.
• exit discharge: the portion of a means of egress between the termination of an exit and a public way.
• exposed: capable of being inadvertently touched by a person because it is not suitably guarded, isolated or insulated.
• exterior property: the open space on the property.
• exterior wall: an outside wall of a building, either above or below grade.
• extermination: the control or elimination of insects, rats, vermin or other pests.
• fenestration: products with glass and non-glass glazing materials, including skylights, roof windows, vertical windows, opaque doors, glazed doors andglazed block.
• fire apparatus access road: a road, fire lane, public street, privatestreet, orparking lot lanethat provides access from a fire station to a facility.
• fire code official: the fire chief or other authority charged with the enforcement of a code.
• fire department master key: a special key carried by fire department officials which will open key boxes on commercial properties.
• fire-resistance rating: the time that materials or assemblies can withstand fire exposure.
• fireplace lintel: a horizontal, non-combustible member that spans the top of the fireplace opening.
• firewall: awall separating buildings or subdividing a building to prevent the spread of fire.
• fixture: component.
• flood-level rim: the edge of a fixture from which water overflows.
• floor area, gross: the floor area within the inside perimeter of the exterior walls.
• floor area, net: the actual occupied area not including accessory areas, such as corridors, stairways, restrooms, mechanical rooms and closets.
• flue: a passage through which gases move from the fire chamber to the outer air.
• foundation: the base upon which the structure or wall rests (usually masonry, concrete or stone), and generally partially underground.
• function: the action for which an item, component or system is specially fitted or used, or for which an item, component or system exists; to be in action or perform a task.
• functional: performing, or able to perform, a function.
• functional drainage: the emptying of a plumbing fixture in a reasonable amount of time without overflow when another fixture is drained simultaneously.
• functional flow: a reasonable flow of water supply at the highest and farthest fixture from the building main when another fixture is operated simultaneously.
• further evaluation: a degree of examination beyond that of a typical and customary, non-intrusive physical examination.
• fusible link: a form of fixed-temperature heat-detecting device sometimes used to restrain the operation of an electrical or mechanical control until a certain temperature is reached, usually signifying a fire.
• garbage: the animal or vegetable waste resulting from preparation or consumption of food.
• grease: animal fat, vegetable shortening or oil used in preparing food or resulting from cooking.

• grounded: connected to the earth or to some conducting body that serves in place of the earth.

• grounded, effectively: intentionally connected to the earth through a ground connection or connections of sufficiently low impedance, and having sufficient current-carrying capacity to prevent the buildup of voltages that might otherwise result in undue hazards to connected equipment or to persons.

• ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI): a device intended for the protection of personnel that functions to de-energize a circuit.

• grounding electrode: a device that establishes an electrical connection to the earth.

• habitable space: space in a structure for living, sleeping, eating and/or cooking. Bathrooms, closets, halls, storage areas and utility spaces are not considered habitable spaces.

• hearth: the floorwithin a fireplace.

• hearth extension: non-combustible material in front of and at the sides of a fireplace opening.

• heated slab: slab-on-grade construction in which the heating elements are placed within or under the slab.

• hood: a device that directs and captures grease-laden vapors and gases from a cooking appliance.

• humidistat: adevice usedto automatically controlrelative humidity.

• identify: to notice and report.

• immediate cost: estimated cost of remedying an existing safety hazard, or repairing a system or component that will likely fail within a year.

• imminent danger: a condition which could cause serious or life-threatening injury or death.

• infestation: the presence of insects, rats, vermin or other pests.

• infill: area of the railing system bounded by the railing posts, cap, rail andthe deck.

• infiltration: the uncontrolled inward air leakage into a building.

• inspect: to examine readily accessible systems and components safely, using normal operating controls, and accessing readily accessible areas, in accordance with these Standards of Practice.

• inspected property: the readily accessible areas of the buildings, site, items, components and systems included in the inspection.
• inspection: the process ofan inspector collecting information through visual observationduring a walk-through survey ofthe subject property,conductingresearch about the property, and then generating a meaningful report about the condition of the property based on the observations made and research conducted by the inspector. A commercialinspection requires the inspector to make observations, conduct research, and report findings.
• inspector: one who performs the commercial property inspection.
• installed: attached or connected such that the installed item requires a tool for removal.
• interview: to discuss with those who have knowledge about the subject property.
• intrusive: destructive.
• key box: a lockable device which permits the fire department to access the building in an emergency.
• labeled: devices, equipment or materials to which have been affixed a label, seal, symbol or other identifying mark ofproduct evaluation.
• ledger: dimensional lumber attached to thebuilding framing and used for supporting the section of a deck adjacent to the building.
• life expectancy: averagefunction time, in years, assuming regular maintenance.
• listed: equipment, materials or services included in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ),and concerned with evaluation of products or services, that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials, or periodic evaluation of services, and whose listing states that the equipment, material or service meets appropriate designated standards, or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose.
• mantel: a shelf or horizontal ornament above a fireplace opening.
• manual: capable of being operated by a person.
• material: having significant importance, as in "material defect." This term is reserved for describing things of significant importance.
• material defect: a condition of a commercial property, or any portion of it, that would have a significantly adverse impact on the value of the real property, or that involves unreasonable risk to people on the property. The fact that a structural element, system or sub-system is near, at or beyond the end of the normal useful life of such a structural element, system or sub-system is not, byitself, a material defect.
• means of egress: a continuous and unobstructed path out of a building to a public way.
• mezzanine: a semi-permanent, freestandingstair-and-deck system, typically constructed of fiberglass grating, heavy-duty steel and/or aluminum, andinstalled between two permanent/original floors within an industrial or commercial building in order toprovide an open space on and under which can be created informal office areas, storage for inventory,tools and industrial equipment, etc.
• mold: a form of fungus. Some molds can cause disease in humans.
• non-combustible: a substance that will not burn when subjected to fire.
• normal operating controls: devices, such as thermostats, that would be operated by ordinary occupants which require no specialized skill or knowledge.
• observations: those potential items of interest noted by the inspector during the walk-through survey portion of the inspection.
• observe: to visually notice.
• obvious: acondition or fact not likely to be ignored or overlooked.
• occupancy load: the number of people permitted in a building based on the means of egress.
• occupant: any individual living in, sleeping in, or having possession of a space within a building.
• operate: to cause systems to function or turn on with normal operating controls.
• operational: systems or components capable of being safely operated.
• oral consultation: a limited visual inspection of specific systems, structures or components of a building where no written report is prepared by the inspector, and the inspector's findings, opinions, conclusions and recommendations are orally communicated by the inspector to the client.
• owner: any person, agent, operator, firm or corporation having a legal or equitable interest in a property.

• panelboard: apanel,including buses and automatic over-current devices, designed to be placed in a cabinetaccessible only from the front.

• permanently installed: fixed in place (i.e., screwed, bolted or nailed), as distinct from components, systems or appliances considered portable or freestanding.

• Phase I: a type of fireplace and chimney inspection that exceeds the standards required by a traditionalhome inspection.

• physical deficiency: a major defect, a significant deferred-maintenance item,or acomponent or systemthat has exhausted most or all of its remaininguseful life (regardless of its actual life expectancy),or asafety concern, or anything that could potentially cause the need for anexpensive repair.

• pitch: angle or inclination, usually of a roof.

• plenum: an air compartment or chamberthat connects one or more ducts and forms part of an air-distribution system.

• premises: a lot, plot, parcel of land, property or building.

• pressure drop: the loss in pressure due to friction or obstruction in pipes, valves, fittings, regulators and burners, and the length of pipes and the number of elbows.

• pressure regulator: a device placed in a gas line for reducing, controlling and maintaining the pressure downstream of the device.

• primary building: a building that an inspector has agreed to inspect, excluding all accessory buildings, with the exception of the primary parking structure.

• primary parking structure and surfaces: a building and appurtenant surfaces for the purpose of vehicle storage associated with the primary building.

• public way: a street, alley or yard open to the outside and leading to a public area.

• publicly available information: information that is accessible or availableto anyone upon request.

• raceway: an enclosed channelor conduit designed expressly for holding wires orcables.

• ramp: a sloped walking surface.

• readily accessible: describes the area of the subject property that has been made available to the inspector at the time of the walk-through survey portion of the inspection, and/or a system or component that, in the judgment of the inspector, is capable of being safely observed without the need of portable ladders, the removal of obstacles, the detachment or disengagement of connecting or securing devices, or other unsafe or difficult procedures to gain access, and/or a document that has been made available to the inspector for use in the research portion of the inspection.

• readily ascertainable: describes information that is available to the inspector within reasonable time at a nominal cost so that itcan bepractically reviewed during the research portion of the inspection.
• readily available: describes the information, personnel and documents that aremade available quicklyto the inspector.

• receptacle: a contact device installed at the outlet for the connection of an attachment plug.

• recreational facilities: spas, saunas, steam baths, swimming pools, tennis courts, playground equipment, and other exercise, entertainment or athletic facilities.

• remaining useful life: a subjective estimate or guess made by the inspectorbased upon his observations and experience as to the number of remaining years thata componentwill be functional before needing replacement.
• removable: capable of being transferred to another location easily.
• repair: the reconstruction or renewal of any part of an existing building.
• replacement air: air deliberately brought into a structure to compensate for the air being consumed or expelled.
• report: thewritten communication describingtheissues discoveredfrom observations made and researchconducted by the inspector andwhich, in the inspector's opinion,are likely to be of interest to his/her client. A report may contain photos or digital imagesof observations made during the walk-through survey portion of the inspection, and/or copies of documentsreviewed during the research portion of the inspection.
• representative number: a sufficient number to serve as a typical or characteristic example of the item(s) inspected.
• representative sampling: a small quantity of components of any system or structure, enough like others in its class or kind, to serve as an example of its class or kind.
• research: the process of gathering information through the review of documents and interviews to augment the observations made duringthe walk-through surveyportion of the inspection. This research may include reviewing readily availabledocuments, such as previous inspection reports, building permits, code violation notices, and environmental studies. This research may also include interviews with readily available personnel, such as building managers, tenants and owners.
• roof assembly: a system designed to provide weather protectionand includingthe roof covering, underlayment, roof deck, insulation, vapor retarder and interior finish.
• rubbish: waste materials other than garbage.
• scope of work: work that deviates from this Standard, depending on budget, time constraints, purpose of the inspection, age of the subject property, and risk-tolerance of the client, which the inspector and client have agreed to.
• screw-lamp holder: a lamp base that requires a screw-in-type lamp, such as a compact fluorescent, incandescent, or tungsten-halogen bulb.
• short-termcost: estimated cost ofrepairs which may not require immediate attention, but which should not be delayed for more than two years.
• shut down: turned off, unplugged, inactive, not in service, or not operational.
• single-wall metal chimney: a field-constructed chimneynot permitted in one- and two-family dwellings.
• sleeping unit: a room or space in which people sleep.
• smoke alarm: a single or multiple alarm responsive to smoke and not connected to a sprinkler system.
• smoke detector: a device that senses particles of combustion.
• solid fuel: wood, coal,pellets, and othermaterialsthat can be burned for heat.
• special consultant: a person with particular expertise in a subject who assists the inspector with portions of the inspection.
• special equipment: any tools or devices other than those normally used by an inspector to perform a typical and customary, non-invasive, physical examination of the systems, structures and components of a building, including, but not limited to: levels, probes, meters, video or audio devices, and measuring devices.
• Standard: often used to mean InterNACHI's Standards of Practice for Inspecting Commercial Properties.
• storefront: a non-residential system of doors and windows typically at ground-floor level of a commercial building.
• structural component: a componentthat supports the building's dead and live loads.
• structure: an assemblage of various systems and components that function as a whole.
• subject property: the commercial property that is the subject of the inspection.
• suggested remedy: an opinion offeredas to a course of action to repair a deficiency. Suggested remedies are outside the scope of a commercial inspection.
• sump: a tank or pit that receives sewage or wastewater that istypically located below the drain system, and so must be emptied by mechanical means.
• sump pump: an automatic water pump powered by a motor and typically controlled by a floatfor the removal of wastewater from a sump pit.
• system: an assembly of various componentswhich function as a whole.
• technically exhaustive: a comprehensive and detailed examination beyond the scope of a commercial property inspectionthatmight involve,but would not be limited to: specialized knowledge or training, special equipment, measurements, calculations, testing, research, analysis, meters, scaffolding, dismantling, probingor troubleshooting; also, where the cost of obtaining information or the time required to conduct a portion of the inspection and prepare that portion of the inspection report could outweigh thelikely usefulness of the information obtained, or could be detrimental to the orderly and timely completionof the client's transaction.
• thermostat: an automatic control device used to maintain temperature at a set point.
• thimble: the tube or lining through a wallthat aconnector passes through to enter a flue or that a flue passes through to exit a roof.
• timely access: access to the subject property and documentation required by theinspector to perform the inspection.
• toilet room: a room containing a water closet or urinal, but not a bathtub or shower.
• trap: a fitting that provides a liquid seal to prevent the emission of sewer gases and odors.
• tree crown: the branches growing out from a tree, including twigs and foliage.
• unsafe: in the inspector's opinion, a condition of an area, system, componentor procedure that is judged to be a significant risk of injury during normal, day-to-day use. The risk may be due to damage, deterioration, improper installation, or a change in accepted commercialconstruction standards.
• valve: a device used in piping to control the gas or liquid supply downstream of the device.
• vapor retarder: a vapor-resistant material, membrane or covering, such as foil, plastic sheeting or insulation facing,that limits the amount of moisture vapor that passes through a material or wall assembly.
• ventilation: the natural or mechanical process of supplying and removing air from any space.
• verify: to confirm or substantiate.
• visible: that which may be easily observed during the walk-through survey portion of the inspection.
• walk-through survey: that portion of the inspection where the inspector makes non-intrusive,visual observations of readily accessibleareas of the subject property.
• wall protector: non-combustible shield between a wall and anything heat-producingfor the purpose of reducingrequired clearance.
• workmanlike: executed in a skilled manner.
• yard: an open space on the same lot with a building.
• zone: a conditioned space within a building controlled by a single device.

2.3 Common Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in Commercial Property Inspection Reports:

• ADA: Americans with Disabilities Act (U.S.)

• AHJ: authority having jurisdiction

• BUR: built-up roofing

• CCI: Certified Commercial Inspector

• CCPIA: Certified Commercial Property Inspectors Association

• CMI®: Certified Master Inspector®

• CPI: Certified Professional Inspector®

• CO: Certificate of Occupancy

• ComSOP: International Standards of Practice for Inspecting Commercial Properties

• CSA: Canadian Standards Association

• EIFS: exterior insulation and finish system

• EPA: Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.)

• HVAC: heating, ventilation and air conditioning

• IAC2: International Association of Certified Indoor Air Consultants

• IAQ: indoor air quality

• InterNACHI: International Association of Certified Home Inspectors

• ICC: International Code Council

• IR: infrared

• MICB: Master Inspector Certification Board

• NEC®: National Electrical Code (U.S.)

• NFPA: National Fire Protection Association

• PE: Professional Engineer

• RICS: Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors (U.K.)

• RUL: remaining useful life

2.4 Other Inspection-Related Terms

Other inspection-related terms can be found by visiting InterNACHI's searchable online Glossary at https://www.nachi.org/glossary

3. Use

3.1 Royalty-Free Use

Although this Standard is protected by copyright and other laws, the International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, Inc.(InterNACHI) and the Certified Commercial Property Inspectors Association (CCPIA) hereby grant non-exclusive, royalty-free license toall members of InterNACHI-CCPIA and their clients, andall public authorities, government agencies, and government employeesthroughout the worldto use this codeasdesired, including making copies, posting, transmitting and incorporating it into reporting software, free of charge, withoutthe need for pre-approval,provided that each use isclearly attributed to InterNACHI-CCPIA.Acceptable examples of attribution include "performed in accordance with InterNACHI-CCPIA Commercial SOP," "based on the InterNACHI-CCPIA ComSOP" or "see www.internachi.org/comsop or www.ccpia.org."

Nothing in this license shall preclude InterNACHI-CCPIA from modifyingthis Standard, and users should regularly check for the latest revision at www.nachi.org/comsop or www.ccpia.org, which supersedes earlier versions.

3.2 Conflicts With Other Standards, Codes, Local Laws,and
Manufacturers' Instructions

There likely exist other standards, codes, local laws, and manufacturers' instructions that differ or are in conflictwith this Standard and with each other. Although this Standard does not require an inspector to know or discover all the provisions that may pertain to every situation, this Standard does require an inspector,if aware of such conflicts, to author the inspection report based on the requirements that provide the greatest protection of life and property, in the inspector's judgment. This Standard is not intended to usurp or abridgeadopted codes or ordinances.

3.3 Substantial Compliance

The inspector shall substantially abide by this Standard,unless otherwise agreed to in writing by theinspector and client.

3.4 Disclaimer of Liability

InterNACHI-CCPIA administers the process in the development of its standards. InterNACHI-CCPIA does not independently test, evaluate or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its Standards. InterNACHI-CCPIA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this document. InterNACHI-CCPIA also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein.

Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment, or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances.

4. Inspection

4.1 Objective

Theobjective ofan inspection is to provide writtencommunication describing theissues discoveredfrom observations made and researchconducted by the inspector, which, in the inspector's opinion,are likely to be of interest to his/her client, andto enhance the client's information and knowledge about the commercialproperty to improve decision-making for buying, selling, maintainingor improving the property.

4.2Who May Perform the Inspection

Any portion of the inspection, including the walk-through survey, research and report-generation, may be performed by the inspector, his/her staff, or any consultant hired by the inspector. This Standard recognizes that, for the majority of commercial inspections, the inspector is likely an individual with a general, well-rounded knowledge of commercial properties, and that the inspector or client may want to augment the inspector's skills with specialty consultants who have particular expertise in certain areas. The decision to hire specialty consultants will, of course, rely on budget and time constraints, as well as the risk-tolerance of the client.

4.3 Varying Levels of Due Diligence

This Standard is designed as abaseline from which theinspector and client can develop and agree to ascope of work that may deviate from this Standard, depending on budget, time constraints, purpose of the inspection, age of the subject property, and risk-tolerance of the client.Thelevel of due diligence should be setwhere the cost, in time and money,of acquiring information about the subject propertywillnot likely exceed the value of that information. Therefore, an inspection performed in accordance with this Standardwill notbe technically exhaustive.

4.3.1 Sample Language for UseWhen Defining theScope of
Work

"The inspection will be performed in accordancewith InterNACHI-CCPIA ComSOP, except that..."

4.3.2 Representative Observations

In recognizing that the client likely has the goal of acquiring information about the subject property at a cost, in time and money, that does not exceed the value of that information, representative observations are notjust permitted by this Standard, but recommended, as well.

4.4 Uncertainty

The client should understand that no inspection report is completely accurate. A report isonly the writtencommunication of the observations made and researchconducted by the inspector. Thereport containsthose itemswhich, in the inspector's opinion,are likely to be of interest to his/her client.

4.5 Subjectivity

The client should understand that the inspection report is, to a large degree,the subjective opinions of the inspector based onhis/herobservations and research within the limits of access, time and budget, and without the aid of special equipment ormeters, and withoutdismantling, probing,testing or troubleshooting, and withoutdetailed knowledge of the commercial property, its componentsor its systems. The inspection report is not much more than a subjective professional opinion.

4.6 Notan Architectural or Engineering Service

An inspector performing a commercial inspectionin accordance with this Standardis not practicing architecture or engineering.

4.7 Not a Warranty, Guaranteeor Insurance Policy

The inspectionis not a warranty, and the inspection report is merely the written communication of the inspector's subjective opinion on the condition of the subject property.

5. Research

5.1 Objective

The objective ofresearch,including the review of documents and the performing of interviews, is to augment the information obtainedduring the walk-through survey and to provide supporting documentation to the inspection report.

5.2 Document Procurement

It is the client's responsibility to obtain copies of all documents and provide them for the inspector. These documents are most often obtained from the seller or from local government offices. The inspector is not responsible for gathering or paying for copies of appropriate documents to be reviewed unless these tasks are specifically assigned to the inspector in the Scope of Work Agreement.

5.3 Documents to Be Reviewed and Included in the Inspection Report

The inspector should review all documents provided by the client and owner. The inspector should also make an inquiry and review of any other documents that can bereasonably procured on-site or from the building owner or manager, such as Certificates of Occupancy, building code violation notices, repair invoices, and warranties. The inspector is not required to uncover and reviewinformation that is not provided or cannot be reasonablyascertained or acquired on-site. Copies of documents that the inspector believes may be of interest to the client and copies of documents that support the inspector's opinions should be included in the inspection report.

5.3.1 Examples of documents the inspector may want to request for review:

• accessibility surveys;

• appraisals;

• building plans;

• Certificates of Occupancy;

• citations;

• deck age records, plans and construction permits;

• deck and balcony maintenance, power-washing, painting, treating, repair and modification history;

• emergency evacuation plans;

• environmental studies;

• evacuation drill records;

• fire-detection test and maintenance records;

• fire door inspection reports;

• fire-prevention plans;

• fire extinguisher service records;

• fire records;

• flame-resistant certificates;

• floodplain maps;

• floor plans;

• kitchengrease-cleaning records;

• kitchen post-fire inspections;

• maintenance records;

• manufacturers' installation instructions;

• notices;

• permits;

• power-washing records;

• previous inspection reports;

• proposals;

• rent records;

• repair estimates/invoices;

• safety inspection records;

• seller disclosures;

• sprinkler head replacement records;

• utility bills; and

• warranties.

5.4 Interviews

The inspector should identify and interview the person(s) with the most knowledge about the condition of the building. Typically, this will be the building owner or manager. Unless otherwise agreed to in the Scope of Work Agreement, it is the responsibility of the client to arrange to havesuch person(s)on handfor interview by the inspector on the day of the walk-through survey.

5.5 Pre-Inspection Questionnaires

The inspector may request that the owner, building managerand/or client fill out pre-inspection questionnaires to gather information. The inspector may relythat these responsesare truthful. Incases where parties refuse to fill out questionnaires in writing, the inspector may interview the parties and fill out the questionnaires for them. The inspector should note in the report if s/he filled out the questionnaire based on an interview and whether such interview was performed in person, by telephone, or by email. Copies of all responses to such questionnaires should be included in the inspection report.

5.6 Reliance

The level of accuracy of information varies, depending on its source. The inspector may rely on information obtained to the extent that the information appears to be accurate and complete. This Standard does not require the inspector to independently verifytheaccuracy of the documents reviewed by the inspector or included in the report, nor thestatements made by those interviewed by the inspector.

5.7 Fraud

The inspector is not a fraud investigator, and this Standard does not require the inspector to look for intentionally hidden deficiencies in the subject property. The inspection report is supplementary to the seller's disclosures.

5.8 Previously Generated Reports

A previously generated inspection report should be treated no differently than any other document reviewed during the research portion of the inspection, and,as withinformation collected from any other source,information obtained from a previously generated report should reference its source in the new inspection report. No portion of a previously generated report should be used as a substitute for the new inspection report.

6. Walk-Through Survey

6.1 Objective

The objective of the walk-through survey is to allow the inspector to visually observe the subject property, gather information, and note items of interest.

6.2 Access Responsibility

It is the client's responsibility to arrange for the inspector to receivetimely access to thesubject property for the walk-through survey portion of the inspection,as well asaccess to all documents and interviewees needed for the research portion of the inspection.This includes access to all documents, informationand previously generated reports in the client's possession. The inspector is not responsible forobtaining, reviewing or providing information, should the sourcewithhold, impedeor delay access. Anything thathinders the inspector'saccessshould be noted in the report.

6.3 Revisits

It is expected that the inspector will performonly one walk-through survey per inspection report. However, it may be necessary for the inspector to revisit certain areas of the subject building after performing the research portion of the inspection.

6.4 Inspector Safety

It is the responsibility of the inspector toperform the walk-through surveysafely.

6.5 Observations

6.5.1 Roof

I. The inspector should inspect from ground level, eaves or rooftop (if a rooftop access door exists):

A. the roof covering;

B.forthe presence of exposed membrane;

C. slopes;
D. for evidence of significant ponding;
E. the gutters;
F. the downspouts;
G. the vents, flashings, skylights, chimney and other roof penetrations;
H. the general structure of the roof from the readily accessible panels, doors or stairs; and

I. for the need for repairs.

II. The inspector is not required to:

A. walk on any pitched roof surface.
B. predictservice-life expectancy.
C. inspect underground downspout diverter drainage pipes.
D. remove snow, ice, debris or other conditions that prohibit the observation of the roof surfaces.

E. move insulation.
F. inspect antennae, lightning arresters, de-icing equipment or similar attachments.

G. walk on any roof areas that appear, in the opinion of the inspector,to be unsafe.

H. walk on any roof areas if it might, in the opinion of the inspector,cause damage.

I. perform a water test.

J. warrant or certify the roof.
K. walk on any roofs that lack rooftop access doors.

6.5.2 Exterior

I. The inspector should inspect:

A. the siding, flashing and trim;
B. all exterior doors, decks, stoops, steps, stairs, porches, railings, eaves, soffits and fasciae;

C. and report as in need of repair anysafety issues regarding intermediate balusters, spindles or rails for steps, stairways, balconies and railings;

D.a representative number of windows;
E. the vegetation, surface drainage, and retaining walls when these are likely to adversely affect the structure;

F. the exterior for accessibility barriers;

G.the storm water drainage system;

H. thegeneral topography;

I.the parking areas;

J. the sidewalks;

K. exterior lighting;

L. the landscaping;

M.and determine that a3-footclear space exists around the circumference of fire hydrants;
N. and describe the exterior wall covering.

II. The inspector is not required to:

A. inspect or operate screens, storm windows, shutters, awnings, fences, outbuildings or exterior accent lighting.
B. inspect items, including window and door flashings,that are not visible or readily accessible from the ground.
C. inspect geological, geotechnical,hydrological or soil conditions.
D. inspect recreational facilities.
E. inspect seawalls, breakwallsor docks.
F. inspect erosion-controlor earth-stabilization measures.
G. inspect for proof of safety-type glass.

H. determine the integrity of thermal window seals or damaged glass.
I. inspect underground utilities.
J. inspect underground items.
K. inspect wells or springs.
L. inspect solar systems.
M. inspect swimming pools or spas.
N. inspect septic systems or cesspools.
O. inspect playground equipment.
P. inspect sprinkler systems.
Q. inspect drainfields or dry wells.

R. inspect manhole covers.

S. operate or evaluate remote-control devices, or test door or gate operators.

6.5.3Wood Decks and Balconies

I. The inspector should inspect:

A.with the unaided eye, for deck and balcony members that are noticeablyout oflevel or out of plumb;

B.for visible decay;

C.for paint failure and buckling;

D. for nail pullout (nail pop);

E. for fastener rust, iron stainand corrosion;

F.and verifythat flashing was installed on the deck-side of the ledger board;

G. for vertical members (posts) that have exposed end-grains;

H. for obvious trip hazards;

I. for non-graspable handrails;

J.railings for height less than the 36-inch minimum*;

K.guardrails and infill foropenings that exceed the 4-inch maximum*;

L.open-tread stairs for openings that exceed the 4⅜-inch maximum*;

M. the triangulararea between guardrails and stairways for openings that exceed the 6-inch maximum*;

N.built-upand multi-ply beam spans forbutt joints;

O.for notchesin the middle-third of solid-sawn wood spans;

P.for large splits longer than the depths of their solid-sawn wood members;

Q.for building egresses blocked, coveredor hindered by deck construction; and

R.for the possibility of wetting from gutters, downspouts or sprinklers.

*See https://www.nachi.org/stairways.htm for formal standards (compliance verificationin entirety not required).

II. The inspector is not required to:

A. discover insect infestation or damage.

B. inspect, determine or test the tightness or adequacy of fasteners.

C. determine lumber grade.

D. measure moisture content.

E. inspect for or determine bending strength.

F. inspect for or determine shear stress.

G. determine lag screw or bolt shear values.

H. calculate loads.

I. determine proper spans or inspect for deflections.

J. discover decay hidden by paint.

K. verify that flashing has been coated to prevent corrosion.

L. determine that post-to-footing attachments exist.

M. dig below grade or remove soil around posts.

N. crawl under any deck with less than 3 feet of headroom, or remove deck skirting to acquire access.

O. determine proper footing depth or frostline.

P. verify proper footing size.

Q. perform pick tests.

R. perform or provide any architectural or engineering service.

S. use a level or plumb bob.

T. use a moisture meter.

U. predictservice-life expectancy.

V. verify compliance with permits, codes or formal standards.

W. inspect for disabled persons' accessibility barriers.

X. determine if a deck blocks, covers or hinders septic tank or plumbing access.

Y. determine easement-encroachment compliance.

6.5.4 Basement, Foundationand Crawlspace

I. The inspector should inspect:

A. the basement;
B. the foundation;
C. the crawlspace;
D. the visible structural components;

E. and report on the location of under-floor access openings;
F. and report any present conditions or clearindications of active water penetration observed by the inspector;

G.for wood in contact with or nearsoil;

H. and report any general indications of foundation movement that are observed by the inspector, such as, but not limited to: sheetrock cracks, brick cracks, out-of-square door frames, or floor slopes;

I. and report on any cutting, notchingor boring of framing membersthat may present a structural or safety concern.

II. The inspector is not required to:

A. enter any crawlspaces that are not readily accessible, or where entry could cause damage or pose a hazard to the inspector.
B. move stored items or debris.
C. operate sump pumps.
D. identify size, spacing, span or location, or determine theadequacy of foundation bolting, bracing, joists, joist spansor support systems.
E. perform or provide any engineering or architectural service.
F. report on the adequacy of any structural system or component.

6.5.5Heating and Ventilation

I. The inspector should inspect:

A. multiple gas meter installations, such as a building with multiple tenant spaces, and verify that each meter is clearly and permanently identified withthe respective space supplied;

B. the heating systemsusing normal operating controls, and describe the energy source and heating method;
C. and report as in need of repairheating systemsthat do not operate;
D. and report if theheating systemsare deemed inaccessible;

E. and verify that a permanent means of access, with permanent ladders and/or catwalks,are present for equipment and appliances on roofs higher than 16 feet;

F.and verify the presence oflevel service platforms for appliances onroofs with a slope of 25% or greater;

G. and verify that luminaire and receptacle outlets are provided at or near the appliance;

H. and verify that the system piping appears to be sloped to permit the system to be drained;

I. for connectors, tubing and pipingthat might be installed in a way that exposes them to physical damage;

J. wood framingwith cutting, notchingor boring that might cause a structural or safety issue;

K. pipe penetrations in concrete and masonry building elements to verify that they are sleeved;

L. exposed gas piping for identification by a yellow label marked "Gas" in black letters occurring at intervals of 5 feet or less;

See Also

Building Orientation for Optimum Energy

M. and determine if any appliances or equipment with ignition sources are located in public, private, repair or parking garages or fuel-dispensing facilities;

N. and verify that fuel-fired appliances are not located in or obtain combustion air from sleeping rooms, bathrooms, storage closets or surgical rooms;

O. for the presence of exhaust systems in occupied areas where there is a likelihood of excess heat, odors, fumes, spray, gas, noxious gases or smoke;

P. and verify that outdoor air-intake openings are located at least 10 feet away from any hazardous or noxious contaminant sources, such as vents, chimneys, plumbing vents, streets, alleys, parking lots or loading docks;

Q.outdoor exhaust outletsfor the likelihood that they may cause a public nuisance or fire hazard due to smoke, grease, gases, vapors or odors;

R. for the potential of floodingor evidence of past flooding that could cause moldin ductworkor plenums; and

S. condensate drains.

II. The inspector is not required to:

A. inspect or evaluate interiors of flues or chimneys, fire chambers,heat exchangers,humidifiers, dehumidifiers, electronic air filters, solar heating systems,fuel tanks, safety devices, pressure gauges, or control mechanisms.
B. determine the uniformity, temperature, flow, balance, distribution, size, capacity, BTU, or supply adequacy of the heating system.
C.light or ignitepilot flames.
D. activate heating, heat pump systems, or other heating systems when ambient temperatures or other circumstances are not conducive to safe operation or may damage the equipment.
E. over-ride electronic thermostats.
F. evaluate fuel quality.

G.verify thermostat calibration, heat anticipation or automatic setbacks, timers, programsor clocks.

H. inspect tenant-owned or tenant-maintained heating equipment.

I. determine ventilation rates.

J. perform capture and containment tests.

K. test for mold.

6.5.6Cooling

I. The inspector should inspect:

A.multiple air-conditioning compressor installations, such as a building with multiple tenant spaces, and verify that eachcompressor is clearly and permanently identified withthe respective space supplied;

B. the central cooling equipment using normal operating controls;

C. and verify that luminaire and receptacleoutlets are provided at or near the appliance;

D. and verify that a permanent means of access, with permanent ladders and/or catwalks, are present for equipment and appliances on roofs higher than 16 feet;

E.and verify the presence oflevel service platforms for appliances onroofs with a slope of 25% or greater;

F. wood framingwith cutting, notchingorboring that might cause a structural or safety issue;

G. pipe penetrations in concrete and masonry building elements to verify that they are sleeved;

H. piping support;

I. for connectors, tubing and pipingthat might be installed in a way that exposes them to physical damage;

J. for the potential of floodingor evidence of past flooding that could cause moldin ductworkand plenums; and

K. condensate drains.

II. The inspector is not required to:

A. inspect or test compressors, condensers, vessels, evaporators, safety devices, pressure gauges, or control mechanisms.

B. determine the uniformity, temperature, flow, balance, distribution, size, capacity, BTU, or supply adequacy of the cooling system.
C. inspect window units, through-wall units, or electronic air filters.
D. operate equipment or systems if exterior temperature is below 60° Fahrenheit, or when other circumstances are not conducive to safe operation or may damage the equipment.
E. inspect or determine thermostat calibration, cooling anticipation, or automatic setbacks or clocks.
F. examine electrical current, coolant fluids or gases, or coolant leakage.

G.inspect tenant-owned or tenant-maintainedcooling equipment.

H. test for mold.

6.5.7Plumbing

I. The inspector should inspect:

A. and verify the presence of and identify the location of the main water shut-off valve to each building;

B. and verify the presence of a back-flow prevention device if, in the inspector's opinion, a cross-connection could occur between the water-distribution system and non-potable water or private source;
C. the water-heating equipment, including combustion air, venting, connections, energy-source supply systems, andseismic bracing, and verify the presence or absence of temperature-/pressure-relief valves and/or Watts 210 valves;
D. and flush a representative number of toilets;
E. and water-test a representative number of sinks, tubs and showers for functional drainage;

F. and verify that hinged shower doors open outward from the shower, and have safety glass-conformance stickers or indicators;
G. the interior water supply, including a representative number of fixtures and faucets;
H.the drain, waste and vent systems, includinga representative number offixtures;
I.and describeany visiblefuel-storage systems;
J. and test sump pumps with accessible floats;
K. and describe the water supply, drain, waste and main fuel shut-off valves, as well as the location of the water main and main fuel shut-off valves;
L. and determinewhether the water supply is public or private;
M. the water supply by viewing the functional flow in several fixtures operated simultaneously, and report any deficiencies as in need of repair;
N.and report as in need of repair deficiencies in installation and identification of hot and cold faucets;
O.and report as in need of repair mechanical drain stops that are missing or do not operate if installed in sinks, lavatories and tubs;
P.and report as in need of repair commodes that have cracks in the ceramic material, are improperly mounted on the floor, leak, or have tank componentsthat do not operate; and

Q. piping support.

II. The inspector is not required to:

A. determine the adequacy of the size of pipes, supplies, vents, traps or stacks.

B. ignite pilot flames.
C. determine the size, temperature, age, life expectancy or adequacy of the water heater.
D. inspect interiors of flues or chimneys, cleanouts, water-softening or filtering systems, dishwashers, interceptors, separators,sump pumps, well pumps or tanks, safety or shut-off valves, whirlpools, swimming pools, floor drains, lawn sprinkler systemsor fire sprinkler systems.
E. determine the exact flow rate, volume, pressure, temperature or adequacy of the water supply.

F.verify or test anti-scald devices.
G. determine the water quality, potability or reliability of the water supply or source.
H. open sealed plumbing access panels.
I. inspect clothes washing machines or theirconnections.
J. operate any main, branch or fixture valve.

K. test shower pans, tub and shower surrounds, or enclosures for leakage.
L. evaluate compliance with local or state conservation or energy standards, or the proper design or sizing of any water, waste or venting components, fixtures or piping.
M. determine the effectiveness of anti-siphon, back-flow prevention or drain-stop devices.
N. determine whether there are sufficient cleanouts for effective cleaning of drains.
O. evaluate gas, liquid propane or oil-storage tanks.
P. inspect any private sewage waste-disposal system or component within such a system.

Q. inspect water-treatment systems or water filters.
R. inspect water-storage tanks, pressure pumps, ejector pumps,or bladder tanks.

S. evaluate wait timeforhot water at fixtures, or perform testing of any kindon water-heater elements.

T. evaluate or determine the adequacy of combustion air.

U. test, operate, open or close safety controls, manual stop valves,or temperature- or pressure-relief valves.

V. examine ancillary systems or components, such as, but not limited to, those relating to solar water heating or hot-water circulation.

W. determine thepresence or condition of polybutylene plumbing.

6.5.8Electrical

I. The inspector should inspect:

A. the servicedrop/lateral;
B. the meter socket enclosures;

C. the service-entrance conductors, and report onany noted deterioration of the conductor insulationor cable sheath;

D. the means for disconnecting the service main;

E. the service-entrance equipment, and report onany noted physical damage, overheating or corrosion;
F.and determine therating of the service disconnect amperage, if labeled;
G. panelboards and over-current devices, and report onany noted physical damage, overheating,corrosion,orlack ofaccessibility or working space (minimum 30 inches wide, 36 inches deep,and 78 inches high in front ofpanel)that wouldhamper safe operation, maintenance or inspection;

H.and report on any unused circuit-breaker panel openings that are not filled;

I.and report on absent or poor labeling;
J. the servicegrounding and bonding;

K.a representativenumber of switches, lighting fixtures and receptacles, including receptacles observed and deemed to be AFCI-protected using the AFCI test button, where possible. Although a visual inspection, the removal of faceplates or other covers or luminaires (fixtures) to identify suspected hazards is permitted;

L. and report on any noted missing or damagedfaceplates or box covers;

M. and report on any noted open junction boxes or open wiring splices;

N. and report on any noted switches and receptacles that are painted;

O. and test all ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) receptacles and GFCI circuit breakers observed and deemed to be GFCIs using a GFCI tester, where possible;

P. and report the presence of solid-conductor aluminum branch-circuit wiring, if readily visible;

Q. and reporton any tested GFCIreceptacles in which powerwas not present, polarity was incorrect,the cover was not in place, the GFCI devices were notinstalled properlyor did not operate properly,anyevidence of arcing or excessive heat, or where the receptacle was not grounded or was not secured to the wall;

R. and report the absence of smoke detectors;

S. and report on thepresence of flexible cords being improperly usedas substitutes for the fixed wiring of a structure or running through walls, ceilings, floors, doorways, windows, or under carpets.

II. The inspector is not required to:

A. insert any tool, probe or device into the main panelboard, sub-panels, distribution panelboards, or electrical fixtures.
B. operate electrical systems that are shut down.
C. remove panelboard cabinetcovers or dead fronts if they are not readily accessible.

D. operate over-current protection devices.
E. operate non-accessible smoke detectors.
F. measure or determine the amperage or voltage of the main service equipment, if not visibly labeled.
G. inspect the fire or alarm system and components.
H. inspect the ancillary wiring or remote-control devices.
I. activate any electrical systems or branch circuitsthat are not energized.
J. operate or reset overload devices.
K. inspect low-voltage systems, electrical de-icing tapes, swimming pool wiring, or any time-controlled devices.
L. verify the service ground.
M. inspect private or emergency electrical supply sources, including, but not limited to: generators, windmills, photovoltaic solar collectors, or the battery- or electrical-storage facility.
N. inspect spark or lightning arrestors.

O. inspect or test de-icing equipment.
P. conductvoltage-drop calculations.
Q. determine the accuracy oflabeling.

R. inspect tenant-owned equipment.

S.inspect the condition of or determine the ampacity of extension cords.

6.5.9Fireplaces

I. The inspector should inspect:

A. fireplaces, and open and close the damper doors, if readily accessible and operable;
B. hearth extensions and other permanently installed components;
C. and report as in need of repair deficiencies in the lintel, hearthor material surrounding the fireplace, including clearance from combustible materials.

II. The inspector is not required to:

A. inspect the flue or vent system.
B. inspect the interior ofchimneys or flues, fire doors or screens, seals or gaskets,or mantels.

C. determine the need for a chimney sweep.
D. operate gas fireplace inserts.
E. light pilot flames.
F. inspect automatic fuel-feed devices.
G. inspect combustion and/or make-up airdevices.
H. inspect heat-distribution assists, whether gravity-controlled or fan-assisted.
I. ignite or extinguish fires.
J. determine draft characteristics.
K. move fireplace inserts, stoves or firebox contents.
L. determine the adequacy of drafts, perform a smoke test, or dismantle or remove any fireplace component.

M. perform an NFPA inspection.

N. perform a Phase I fireplace and chimney inspection.

O.determine the appropriateness of any installation.

6.5.10Attic Ventilationand Insulation

I. The inspector should inspect:

A. the insulation in unfinished spaces;
B. the ventilation of attic spaces;
C. mechanical ventilation systems;
D. and report on the general absence or lack of insulation.

II. The inspector is not required to:

A. enter the attic or any unfinished spaces that are not readily accessible, or where entry could cause damage or pose a safety hazard to the inspector, in his or her opinion.
B.move, touch or disturbinsulation.
C.move, touch or disturb vapor retarders.
D. break or otherwise damage the surface finish or weather seal on or around access panelsor covers.
E. identify the compositionorexact R-value of insulation material.
F. activate thermostatically operated fans.
G. determine the types of materials used in insulation or wrapping of pipes, ducts, jackets, boilersor wiring.

H.determine the adequacy of ventilation.

6.5.11Doors, Windowsand Interior

I. The inspector should:

A. open and close a representative number of doors and windows;
B. inspect the walls, ceilings, steps, stairways and railings;
C. inspect garage doors and garage door-openers;

D.inspectinterior steps, stairs and railings;

E. inspect all loading docks;

F. ride all elevators and escalators;

G. and report as in need of repair any windows that are obviously fogged or display other evidence of broken seals.

II. The inspector is not required to:

A. inspect paint, wallpaper, window treatments or finish treatments.
B. inspect central-vacuum systems.
C. inspect safety glazing.
D. inspect security systems orcomponents.
E. evaluate the fastening of countertops, cabinets, sink topsor fixtures, or firewall compromises.
F. move furniture, stored items, or any coverings, such ascarpets or rugs, in order to inspect the concealed floor structure.
G. move drop-ceiling tiles.
H. inspect or move any appliances.

I. inspect or operate equipment housed in the garage, except as otherwise noted.
J. verify or certify safe operation of any auto-reverse or related safety function of a garage door.
K. operate or evaluate any security bar-release and opening mechanisms, whether interior or exterior, includingtheir compliance with local, state or federal standards.
L. operate any system, appliance or component that requires the use of special keys, codes, combinations or devices.
M. operate or evaluate self-cleaning oven cycles,tilt guards/latches, gaugesor signal lights.
N. inspect microwave ovens, or test leakage from microwave ovens.
O. operate or examine any sauna, steam-jenny, kiln, toaster, ice maker, coffee maker, can opener, bread warmer, blender, instant hot-water dispenser, or other ancillary devices.

P. inspect elevators.
Q. inspect remote controls.
R. inspect appliances.
S. inspect items not permanently installed.
T. examine or operate any above-ground, movable, freestanding, or otherwise non-permanently installed pool/spa, recreational equipment,or self-contained equipment.
U. come into contact with any pool or spa water in order to determine the system's structure or components.
V. determine the adequacy of a spa's jet water force or bubble effect.
W. determine the structural integrity or leakage of a pool or spa.

X. determine combustibility or flammability.

Y. inspect tenant-owned equipment or personal property.

6.5.12 Life Safety

I. The inspector should:

A.inspect fire access roads and report on any obstructions or overhead wires lower than 13 feet and6 inches;

B. inspect the address or street number to determinewhether it is visible from thestreet, withnumbers in contrast to their background;

C. inspectto determinewhether a 3-foot clear space exists around the circumference of fire hydrants;

D. verify that hinged shower doors open outward from the shower and have safety glass-conformance stickers or indicators;

E. inspect to determinewhether the storage of flammable and combustible materialsis orderly, separated from heaters by distance or shielding so that ignition cannot occur, and not stored in exits, boiler rooms, mechanical rooms or electrical equipment rooms;

F. inspect to determinewhether a "No Smoking" sign is posted in areas where flammable or combustible material is stored, dispensed or used;

G.inspect for thepresence of fire alarm systems;

H.inspect for alarm panel accessibility;

I.inspect for thepresence of portable extinguishers, and determine whether they are located in conspicuous and readily available locations immediately available for use, and not obstructed or obscured from view;

J. inspect to determinewhether a portable fire extinguisher is storedwithin a 30-foot travel distance of commercial-type cooking equipment that uses cooking oil or animal fat;

K. inspect to determinewhethermanual-actuation devices for commercial cooking appliancesexist nearthe means of egress from the cooking area, 42 to 48 inches above the floor and10 and 20 feet away, and clearly identifying the hazards protected;

L. inspect to determinewhether the maximum travel distance to a fire extinguisher is 75 feet;

M.inspect for thepresence of sprinkler systems, and determine if they were ever painted other than at the factory;

N.inspect for thepresence of emergency lighting systems;

O.inspect for exit signs at all exits, and inspect for independent power sources, such as batteries;

P.inspect for thepresence of directional signs where anexit location is not obvious;

Q.inspect for thepresence of signs over lockable exit doors stating: "This Door Must Remain Unlocked During Business Hours";

R.inspect for penetrations in any walls or ceilings that separate the exit corridors or stairwells from the rest of the building;

S.inspect forfire-separation doors that appear to have been blocked or wedged open, or that do not automatically close and latch;

T.inspectexit stairwell handrails;

U. inspect for exit trip hazards;

V. inspect for thepresence of at least two exits to the outside, or one exit that hasa maximum travel distance of 75 feet;

W. inspect exit doorways to determine whether they are less than 32 inches in clear width;

X. inspect to determinewhether the exit doors were locked from the inside, chained, bolted, barred, latched or otherwise rendered unusable at the time of the inspection;

Y.inspect to determinewhether the exit doors swing open in the direction of egress travel; and

Z.inspect the storage to determine if it is potentiallyobstructing access to fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, alarm panels or electric panelboards, or if it is obstructingaisles, corridors, stairways or exit doors, or if it is within 18 inches of sprinkler heads, or if it is within 3 feet of heat-generating appliances or electrical panelboards.

II. The inspector is not required to:

A.testalarm systems, ordetermine ifalarms systems have been tested.

B.inspect or test heat detectors, fire-suppression systems,or sprinkler systems.

C.determine thecombustibility or flammability of materialsin storage.

D.determine the adequate number of fire extinguishers needed, or their ratings.

E.test or inspect fire extinguishers, their pressure,or for thepresence of extinguisher inspection tags or tamper seals.

F.inspect or test fire pumps or fire department connections.

G.inspect or test cooking equipment suppression systems.

H.determine the operational time of emergency lighting or exit signs.

I. inspect for proper occupant load signs.

J. determine fire ratings of walls, ceilings, doors, etc.

K. inspect, test or determine the adequacy of fire escapes or ladders.

L. inspectfire department lock boxes or keys.

M. determine theflame resistance of curtains or draperies.

N.inspectparking or outdoor lighting.

O.inspect for unauthorized entry or crime issues.

P.inspect or test security systems.

Q.inspect for pet or livestock safety issues.

R.inspect for unsafe candle use or decoration hazards.

S.inspect or test emergency generators.

T.test kitchen equipment,appliancesor hoods.

U. verify that elevator keys exist, or that they work properly.

6.5.13 Cooking Area

I. The inspector should:

A. verify that all smoke- or grease-laden, vapor-producing cooking equipment, such as deep-fat fryers, ranges, griddles, broilers and woks,is equipped with an exhaust system;

B. inspect for the accessibility for cleaning and inspection of the exhaust system's interior surface;

C.inspect for grease buildup;

D.verify that hoods are made of steel or stainless steel;

E.verify that visible grease filters are arranged so that all exhaust air passes through them;

F. verify that visiblesections of exhaust ducts are not interconnected with any other ventilation system;

G. verify that visual sections of exhaust ducts are installed without dips or traps that might collect residue;

H.verify that exhaust ductsdo notappear to pass through firewalls;

I. try to verify that exhaust ducts lead directly to the exterior of the building;

J. try to verify that exterior exhaust outlets do not discharge intowalkways, or create a nuisance, in the opinion of the inspector;

K. inspect to determine that a portable fire extinguisher is storedwithin a 30-foot travel distance of commercial-type cooking equipment that uses cooking oil or animal fat; and

L. inspect to determine thatmanual-actuation devices for commercial cooking appliancesexist nearthe means of egress from the cooking area, 42 and 48 inches above the floor and 10 to 20 feet away, and clearly identifying the hazards protected.

II. The inspector is not required to:

A. determine proper clearances.

B. determine proper hood size or position.

C. test hoods.

D. test exhaust fans ordampers,or measure air flow.

E. test fire extinguishers, fire-extinguishing equipment, or fusible links.

F.test kitchen equipment, appliances,hoods ortheir gauges.

G. inspect or test grease-removal devices, drip trays or grease filters.

H. inspect or test air pollution-control devices or fume incinerators.

I. inspect or test kitchen refrigeration.

J. inspect for fuel-storage issues.

K. inspect, test or determine anything regarding food safety.

L. issue an opinion regarding cooking operating procedures.

7. Report

7.1 Format

The report must be in writing. This Standarddoes not require any one particularformat. It is the opinion of InterNACHI-CCPIA that the commercial inspection industryand consumer clients are best served when inspectors are free to compete through report-generation innovation.

7.2 Date

The report should be dated on the first page.

7.3Inspection FirmInformation

The report should include the name and contact information of the inspection firm on the first or second page.

7.4 Property Address

The report should include the address of the property inspected, or a description of the real estate sufficient for identification, on the first or second page.

7.5 Total Number of Pages

The report should indicate the total number of pages andattachments on the first page.

7.6 Brevity

Reports should be concise, to-the-point, and avoid the inclusion of large amounts of pre-printed material.

7.7 Legibility

Reports should be typed or handwritten clearly.

7.8 Opinions of Shut-Down Systems

The inspector should still try to render an opinion of the condition of systems even if theywere shut down or werenot operational at the time of the walk-through survey.

7.9 Obsolescence

The client should only rely on the inspection reportat the point in timethat the inspector's observations were being made and research was being conducted. The client shoulddeem thereport as obsolete tosome extent, evenwhile it is being prepared.

7.10 Site-Specific

The client should understand that an inspection performed in accordance with this Standard only relates to the observations made and research conducted. Consequently, this Standard does not address issues such asbusiness operations at the subject property, deed encumbrances, neighborhood conditions, etc.

7.11 Multiple Buildings

An inspection reportproduced in accordance with this Standard may encompass more than one building within a single report.

7.12 Cost to Remedy

The inspector is not required to provide repair estimates or opinions of costs to remedy. The inspector may offer opinions about such costs as a courtesy,but the offering of these opinions is outside the scope of a commercial inspection.

8. Limitations, Exceptionsand Exclusions

8.1. Limitations:

I. An inspection is not technically exhaustive.
II. An inspection will not identify concealed or latent defects.
III. An inspection will not deal with aesthetic concerns or what could be deemed matters of taste, cosmetic defects, etc.
IV. An inspection will not determine the suitability of the property for any use.
V. An inspection does not determine the market value of the property, or its marketability.

VI. An inspection does not determine the insurability of the property.
VII. An inspection does not determine the advisability or inadvisability of the purchase of the inspected property.

VIII. An inspection does not determine the life expectancy of the property, or any components or systems therein.

IX. An inspection does not include items not permanently installed.
X. These Standards of Practice apply only to commercial properties.

8.2. Exclusions:

I. The inspector isnot required to determine:

A. property boundary lines or encroachments.
B. the condition of any component or system that is not readily accessible.
C. the service-life expectancy of any component or system.
D. the size, capacity, BTU, performance or efficiency of any component or system.
E. the cause or reason of any condition.
F. the cause of the needfor repair or replacement of any system or component.
G. future conditions.
H.the compliance with codes or regulations.
I.the presence ofevidence of rodents, birds, bats, animals, insects, or other pests.
J. the presence of mold, mildew, fungus or toxic drywall.
K. the presence of airborne hazards.
L. the presence of birds.
M. the presence of other flora or fauna.
N. the air quality.
O. thepresence of asbestos.
P. thepresence of environmental hazards.
Q. thepresence of electromagnetic fields.
R. the presence of hazardous materials including, but not limited to, the presence of lead in paint.
S. any hazardous-waste conditions.
T. any manufacturers' recalls, or conformance with manufacturers' installations, or any information included for consumer-protection purposes.
U. operating costs of systems.
V. replacement or repair cost estimates.
W. the acoustical properties of any systems.
X. estimates of the cost of operating any given system.

Y. resistance to wind, hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes or seismic activities.

Z. geological conditions or soil stability.

AA. compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act.

II. The inspector isnot required to operate:

A. any system that is shut down.
B. any system that does not function properly.
C. or evaluate low-voltage electrical systems, such as, but not limited to:

1. phone lines;
2. cable lines;
3. antennae;
4. lights;or
5. remote controls.

D. any system that does not turn on with the use of normal operating controls.
E. any shut off-valves or manual stop valves.
F. any electrical disconnect or over-current protection devices.
G. any alarm systems.
H. moisture meters, gas detectors or similar equipment.

I. sprinkleror fire-suppression systems.

III. The inspector is not required to:

A. move any personal items or other obstructions, such as, but not limited to:

1. throw rugs;
2. furniture;
3. floor or wall coverings;
4. ceiling tiles;
5. window coverings;
6. equipment;
7. plants;
8. ice;
9. debris;
10. snow;
11. water;
12. dirt;
13. foliage; or
14. pets.

B. dismantle, open or uncover any system or component.
C. enter or access any areathat may, in the opinion of the inspector,be unsafe.
D. enter crawlspaces or other areas that are unsafe or not readily accessible.
E. inspect or determine thepresence of underground items, such as, but not limited to, underground storage tanks, whether abandoned or actively used.
F. do anything which, in the inspector's opinion, is likely to be unsafe or dangerous to the inspector or others, or may damage property, such as, but not limited to, walking on roof surfaces, climbing ladders, entering attic spaces, orinteracting with pets or livestock.
G. inspect decorative items.
H. inspect common elements or areas in multi-unit housing.
I. inspect intercoms, speaker systems, radio-controlled, security devices, or lawn-irrigation systems.

J. offer guarantees or warranties.
K. offer or perform any engineering services.
L. offer or perform any trade or professional service other thancommercial propertyinspection.
M. research the history of the property, orreport on its potential for alteration, modification,extendibility or suitability for a specific or proposed use for occupancy.
N. determine the age of construction or installation of any system, structure or component of a building, or differentiate between original constructionand subsequent additions, improvements, renovations or replacements thereto.
O. determine the insurability of a property.

P.perform or offer Phase 1 environmental audits.

Q.inspector report on any system or componentthat is not included in these Standards.

9. Ethics

Inspectors performing inspections in accordancewith this Standardmust maintain a high level ofbusiness ethics.

9.1 Duty to the Client

9.1.1 Theinspector shall be fair, honest, impartial, and act in good faith in all his/her dealings with clients and prospective clients.

9.1.2 The inspector-member shall be truthful regardinghis/her servicesand qualifications.

9.1.3 The inspector shall always act in the best interests of the client, unless doing so violates a law or statute.

9.1.4 The inspector shall not communicate any information about a client or his/her inspection to anyone else without the client’s prior written consent, except when the information may affect the safety of others, or when failure to communicate the information would violate a law or statute.

9.2 Scope of Work

9.2.1 The inspectorshall use a written Scope of Work Agreement that specifies the services to be performed, the limitations of services, and fees.

9.2.2 The inspector shall substantially follow this Standard unless the Scope of Work indicates otherwise.

9.3 Conflicts ofInterest

9.3.1 The inspector shall have no undisclosed conflict of interest with the client.

9.3.2 Theinspectormay not accept or offer undisclosed commissions, rebates, profits or otherbenefit fromreal estate agents, brokers or any third partieshavingfinancial interest in the sale of the property or the outcome of aninspection.

9.3.3 The inspector may not offer or provide any financial compensation directly or indirectlyto any real estate agent,real estate broker, or real estate company for referrals or for inclusion on lists of preferred and/or affiliatedinspectors orinspection companies.

9.3.4 Theinspector shall not perform or offer to perform, for an additional fee, any repairs or repair-associated services to the structurefor which theinspector or inspector's company has prepared acommercial inspection report for a period of 12 months. This provision shall not include services to components and/or systemsthat are not included in the Scope of Work.

9.4 Duty to the Publicand Profession

9.4.1 Theinspector shall not engage in any practices that could be damaging to theclient, or bring discredit to InterNACHI®, CCPIA, or theinspection industry.

9.4.2 Theinspectorshall notdiscriminateon the basis of race, color, religion, gender, sexualorientation, national origin, familial status,or handicap, and shallcomply with all applicable federal, state and local laws concerning discrimination.

9.4.3 Theinspector shall comply with all governmentalrules and licensing requirementsin the jurisdiction wherehe/sheconducts business.

END of Standards of Practice

__________________________________

ANCILLARY DOCUMENTS

10. Commercial Inspection Agreement Between Inspector & Client

EXHIBIT A

SCOPE OF WORK

Under this Agreement, and as part of this basic commercial building inspection, INSPECTOR and CLIENT agree that the following elements shall be inspected pursuant to the noted limitations:

________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

11. Request for Documents andPerson(s)with Knowledge

[sample language for inspector to send to client]

Dear CLIENT,

Thank you for having INSPECTOR FIRM inspect the property at COMMERCIAL PROPERTY ADDRESS.

On the day of the walk-through survey scheduled for DATE OF WALK-THROUGH SURVEY, I will be doing some research, including the review of documents and the performing of interviews, to augment the information obtained during the walk-through survey, and to provide supporting documentation to the inspection report.

In preparation of the walk-through survey portion of the inspection, please have the seller provide me copies of as many of the following documents as can be reasonably procured:

• accessibility surveys;
• appraisals;
• building plans;
• Certificates of Occupancy;
• citations;
• deck age records, plans and construction permits;
• deck and balcony maintenance, power-washing, painting, treating, repair and modification history;
• emergency evacuation plans;
• environmental studies;
• evacuation drill records;
• fire-detection test and maintenance records;
• fire-door inspection reports;
• fire-prevention plans;
• fire-extinguisher service records;
• fire records;
• flame-resistant certificates;
• floodplain maps;
• floor plans;
• kitchen grease-cleaning records;
• kitchen post-fire inspections;
• maintenance records;
• manufacturers' installation instructions;
• notices;
• permits;
• power-washing records;
• previous inspection reports;
• proposals;
• rent records;
• repair estimates and/or invoices;
• safety inspection records;
• seller disclosures;
• sprinkler-head replacement records;
• utility bills; and
• warranties.

I would also like to interview the person(s) with the most knowledge about the condition of the building. Please arrange to havesuch person(s) on hand on the day of the walk-through survey.

Thank you.

INSPECTOR SIGNATURE

INSPECTOR NAME

12. InterNACHI-CCPIA Walk-Through Agreement

This is an Agreement between you, theundersigned Client, and us, the Inspector, pertaining to our Walk-Through of theBuilding at:
_____________________________________________________________________________________. The terms below govern this Agreement.

1. The fee for our Walk-Through is $________________,payable [in full / in part at $ ________________] at a time [before / after]the Walk-Through.

2. We will perform a visual Walk-Through of the home/building and provide you with oral comments summarizing our observations. AWALK-THROUGH IS NOT A COMMERCIAL BUILDING INSPECTION. We will NOT follow the International Standardsof Practice for Inspecting Commercial Properties (ComSOP), or any state lawspertaining to building inspections. Ourcomments will be nothing more than a subjective summary of our initial observationsduring the Walk-Through. You may hire us to perform a commercial building inspectionby signing a separate agreement with us.You understand that neither InterNACHI nor CCPIA is a party to this Agreement, has no control over us, and does not employ or supervise us.

3. We will not test for the presence of radon, a harmful gas. We will not test for mold. We will not test for compliance withapplicable building codes or for the presence of (or for any potential dangersarising from the presence of) asbestos, lead paint, soil contamination, orother environmental hazards or violations.

4. Our Walk-Through and any comments are for your use only. We are not responsible for the use or misinterpretation by third parties, and third parties who rely on our comments in any way do so at their own risk, and release us (including employees and business entities) from any liability whatsoever. If you or any person acting on your behalf provide our comments to a third party who then sues you and/or us, you release us from any liability and agree to pay our costs and legal fees in defending any action naming us. Our Walk-Through and comments are in no way a guarantee or warranty, express or implied, regarding the future use, operability, habitability, or suitability of the home/building or its components. We disclaim all warranties, express or implied, to the fullest extent allowed by law.

5. Limitation on Damages. Weassume no liability for the cost of repair or replacement of unreporteddefects, either current or arising in the future. In all cases, our liabilityis limited to liquidated damages in an amount not greater than the fee you paidus. You waive any claim for consequential, exemplary, special or incidentaldamages, or for the loss of the use of the building. You acknowledge that theseliquidated damages are not a penalty, but that we intend them to: (i) reflectthe fact that actual damages may be difficult or impractical to ascertain; (ii)allocate risk between us; and (iii) enable us to perform the Walk-Through forthe agreed-upon fee because you did not want to incur the additional costs acommercial inspection would require.

6. We do not perform engineering, architectural, plumbing, or any otherjob function requiring an occupational license in the jurisdiction where the buildingis located. If we hold a validoccupational license, we may inform you of this and you may hire us to performadditional functions. Any agreement for such additional services shall be in aseparate writing.

7. Waiver of Right to Sue. Because of the extremely limited nature ofour Walk-Through, you waive any right to sue us under any negligence theory. As long as we perform the Walk-Through, youalso waive any right to sue us for breach of contract. If you nevertheless believe you have a claimagainst us, you agree to provide us with the following: (i) writtennotification of your claim within seven days of discovery, in sufficient detailand with sufficient supporting documents that we can evaluate it; and (ii)immediate access to the premises.Failure to comply with these conditions releases us from liability.

8. Venue / Attorney’s Fees /Waiver of Trial by Jury. You agree that the exclusive venue for anylitigation arising out of this Agreement shall be in the county where we haveour principal place of business. If youfail to prove any claim against us, you agree to pay all our legal costs,expenses and attorney’s fees incurred in defending that claim. You agree thatthe exclusive venue for any legal action against InterNACHI-CCPIA itself,allegedly arising out of this Agreement or our membership in InterNACHI-CCPIA,will be in Boulder County, Colorado.Before bringing any such action, you must provide InterNACHI-CCPIA with30 days’ written notice of the nature of the claim, in sufficient detail andwith sufficient supporting documents that InterNACHI-CCPIA can evaluateit. In any action against us or InterNACHI-CCPIA,you waive trial by jury.

9. If a court declares any provision of this Agreement invalid, theremaining provisions remain in effect.This Agreement represents our entire agreement; there are no terms otherthan those set forth herein. All priordiscussions are merged into this Agreement.No statement or promise by us shall be binding unless reduced to writingand signed by one of our authorized officers.Any modification of this Agreement must be in writing and signed by youand by one of our authorized officers. This Agreement shall be binding upon andenforceable by the parties and their heirs, executors, administrators,successors, and assignees. You will haveno cause of action against us after one year from the date of the Walk-Through.

10. Past-due fees for our Walk-Through shall accrue interest at 8% per year. You agree to pay all costs and attorney’s fees we incur in collecting the fees owed to us. If the Client is a corporation, LLC, or similar entity, you personally guarantee payment of the fee.

11. You may not assign this Agreement.

12. If a court finds any term of this Agreement ambiguous or requiringjudicial interpretation, the court shall not construe that term against us byreason of the rule that any ambiguity in a document is construed against theparty drafting it. You had theopportunity to consult qualified counsel before signing this.

13. If there is more than one Client, you are signing on behalf of allof them, and you represent that you are authorized to do so.

14. If you would like a large-print version of this Agreement beforesigning it, you may request one by emailing us.

I HAVE CAREFULLY READ THISAGREEMENT. I AGREE TO IT, AND I ACKNOWLEDGERECEIVING A COPY OF IT.

________________________________________________________________________
CLIENT (Date)

13. Project Oversight Agreement

14. Thermal Imaging Addendum to Commercial Inspection Agreement

This is an addendum to the Commercial InspectionAgreement regarding theinspection at: _______________________________________________________________________.

Thermal imagingis a technology that allowsthe InterNACHI-CCPIA INSPECTORto show you things about abuilding that no one can show youusing other inspection methods.Thermal imaging produces images of invisible heat energy emitted from objects and systems in thebuilding,and allows us to measure it.Thermal imaginghelps to diagnose the problem rather than merely identify symptoms, andcansometimes, but not always,identify and document: electrical faults before they cause a fire; overloaded and undersized circuits; circuit breakers in need of immediate replacement; missing, damaged, and/or wet insulation; heat loss and air infiltration in walls, ceilings, floors, windows and doors;water and moisture intrusion that could lead to mold; possible pest infestation; hidden roof leaks before they cause serious damage; air-conditioner compressor leaks; under-fastening and/or missing framing members; structural defects; broken seals in double-pane windows; energy loss and efficiency; dangerous flue leaks; damaged and/or malfunctioning radiant heating systems; unknown plumbing leaks; and overheated equipment.These color imagescan thenbe included in the inspection report, providing supporting documentation to the report. A picture is worth a thousand words.

1. CLIENT requests and authorizes INSPECTOR to perform a thermal imaging scan on thestructure at __________________________________ for the following purposes: ___________________________________. The fee for this additional service will be $_____________, all of which is due prior to delivery of the thermal images.

2. INSPECTOR’s liability for any damages allegedly arising out of any aspect of the thermal-imaging service shall be limited to the additional amount paid for the thermal-imaging scan. CLIENT voluntarily waives any claim for consequential, exemplary or incidental damages to the fullest extent allowed by law.

3. The thermal-imagingscan will be limited in scope to the equipment used by INSPECTOR. The inspection will be a non-invasive and non-destructive examination of the visible, safeand readily accessible portions of the interior and/or exterior of the structurefor atypical temperature/thermal variations. NO OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT not LIMITED TO, WARRANTIES REGARDING FUTURE USE, HABITABILITY, OPERABILITY, SUITABILITY OR MERCHANTABILITY, WITH RESPECT TO THE SUBJECT PROPERTY, ARE PROVIDED.

4. Thermal imaging servicesdo not include any inspections, examinations, testing or evaluations for harmful, dangerous or toxic substances, materials or environmental hazards, including, but not limited to: mold; bio-aerosols; radon; lead; asbestos; non-biological airborne particulates;contaminants; petroleum products; petrochemicals; radioactive materials;electromagnetic radiation;or plant, animal or insect secretions or excretions.Infrared cameras are not moisture meters but can aid in identifying areas that warrant further investigation.If INSPECTOR offers any information or opinions about any of the foregoing, this information shall be deemed to be informational only and supplied as a courtesy to theCLIENT, and shall not be deemed to be an amendment to this Addendum or the Commercial Inspection Agreement.

5. CLIENT agrees to indemnify and hold harmless INSPECTOR, its agents, employees and inspectors for the presence of anyharmful, dangerous or toxic substances or materials, or environmental hazards, including, but not limited to, those listed in Part 4 of this addendum, as well as for any and all damages and liability for any mitigation, construction, or any other costs associated with the presence of any such hazards, substances or materials.

6. If CLIENT desires to obtain information regarding the presence of anyharmful, dangerous or toxic substances, materials or environmental hazards, including,but not limited to, those listed in Part 4 of this addendum, it is solely the responsibility of the CLIENT to contact and engage the services of qualified individuals or companies that specialize in the areas of specific interest or concern.

7. All of the other terms of the Commercial Inspection Agreementare incorporated herein by reference.

I have carefully read the foregoing and I understand, accept and agree withall of the terms and conditions of this Addendum.

______________________________________________

CLIENT(Date)

15.1 About This Accessibility Inspection Report

Various laws around the world require public accommodations to provide goods and services to people with disabilities on an equal basis with the rest of the general public. Businesses benefit from the patronage of all people. Those who own, lease, lease out, or operate places of public accommodation should have as a goal the identification and reduction of physical barriers to this patronage. This inspection report will help identify possible accessibility deficiencies in existing facilities.

15.2 Who Must Comply

Most laws regarding accessibility regulate onlynew construction and remodeling, and do not oblige existing building owners to reduce barriers if such reduction is not readily achievable. This report does not cover all of the possible local, state, provincialor federal requirements regarding accessibility or barrier reduction. The information presented within this report was derived from a visual-only inspection of the property, and is intended solely as informal guidance, and is not a determination of legal rights or responsibilities.

15.3 Stand-AloneInspection Service Option

This report may be offered in conjunction with acomplete commercialproperty inspection, or offered as a separate, stand-alone inspection service.

15.4 The Accessibility Inspection Report

____________________

Accessibility Inspection Report

Key:

Y = Yes. The statement is true and accessibility appears to be adequate.

N = No. The statement is false and accessibility appears to be deficient.

U = Unknown. Inspector did not determine accessibility.
N/A = Not applicable.

1. Parking

1.1___There are enough accessible parking spaces (8 feet wide plus 5-foot access aisle).

1.2___There is at least one van-accessible parking space (parking space and access aisle combined for a minimum width of 16 feet).

Totalnumber of parking spaces	Required number of accessible parking spaces
1 to 25	1
26 to 50	2
51 to 75	3
76 to 100	4
101 to 150	5
151 to 200	6
201 to 300	7
301 to 400	8
401 to 500	9
501 to 1,000	2% of thetotal number of parking spaces
over 1,000	20, plus 1 for each 100 over 1,000

1.3___The accessible parking spaces are marked with the International Symbol of Accessibility.

1.4___The accessible parking spaces are the closest spaces to the accessible entrance of the building.

1.5___The accessible parking spaces have access aisles that are part of the accessible route to the accessible entrance of the building.

2. Route of Travel

2.1___There is a route of travel from the accessible parking spaces to the accessible entrance that does not require the use of stairs.

2.2___The route of travel is at least 36 inches wide.

2.3___The slopes on the route of travel are not greater than 5% (1-inch rise/20-inch run).

2.4___The route of travel is stable, firm and slip-resistant.

2.5___The curbs on the route of travel include ramped curb-cuts with a width of at least 36 inches.

3. Ramps

3.1___Ramps longer than 6 feet have railings on both sides.

3.2___Railings are sturdy and between 34 and 38 inches high.

3.3___Ramps are stable, firm and slip-resistant.

3.4___There is a 5-foot-long level landing at the top and bottom of every 30-foot horizontal length of ramp and at every ramp switchback.

4. Entrance

4.1___The main entrance is accessible, or there is a ramp, lift or alternative accessible entrance.

4.2___All inaccessible entrances have signs giving directions to the nearest accessible entrance.

4.3___The accessible entrance door has at least 32 inches of clear opening.

4.4___The accessible entrance door has at least 24 inches of clear wall space on the pull-side of the door next to the handle, plus at least 60 inches of clear depth. Refer to CCPIA's maneuvering clearance graphics for push-side and side-approach requirements.

4.5___The accessible entrance door handle is no higher than 48 inches.

4.6___The accessible entrance door handle is operable with a closed fist (accessible toa person with limited use of his/her hands).

4.7___The accessible entrance door can be opened without too much force (less than 8½pounds offorce).

4.8___The accessible entrance threshold is not a trip hazard or wheelchair barrier (less than a ¼-inch high, or less than ¾-inches high with bevels on both sides).

4.9___The automatic door closer (if one exists) on the accessible entrance takes at leastthree seconds to close the door.

5. Interior

5.1___The interior carpeting is low-pile and tightly woven.

5.2___There are no noted hindrances to a person who uses a cane (items detectable up to 27 inches above the floor, with minimum headroom clearance of at least 80 inches above the floor).

5.3___Objects protrude no more than 4 inches from the wall within the hazard zone.

5.4___The corridors are at least 36 inches wide.

5.5___The corridors have wheelchair-passing spaces at reasonable intervals (less than 200 feet), or intersecting corridors that can be used as passing spaces.

5.6___There is wheelchair-maneuvering clearance at doors.

6. Drinking Fountains

6.1___Where there are two drinking fountains on one floor, at least one is wheelchair-accessible.

6.2___The accessible drinking fountain has adequate clear floor space for wheelchair maneuvering.

6.3___The accessible drinking fountain has knee clearance of 27 inches measured from the bottom of the apron to the floor's surface.

6.4___The accessible drinking fountain has unobstructed toe clearance of 9 inches measured from the bottom of the fountain to the floor'ssurface.

6.5___The spout is located toward the front of the unit and no higher than 36 inches from the floor's surface.

7. Restrooms

7.1___Public restrooms include at least one fully accessible restroom on an accessible route of travel.

7.2___The inaccessible restrooms have signs that give directions to accessible ones.

7.3___Pictograms or symbols are used to identify restrooms.

7.4___Accessible restroom door handles are no higher than 48 inches.

7.5___Accessible restroom door handles are operable with a closed fist (accessible to a person with limited use of his/her hands).

7.6___Accessible restroom doors can be opened without too much force (less than 5pounds offorce).

7.7___The accessible restroom entry configuration provides adequate maneuvering and turnaround space (60 inches in diameter) for wheelchairs.

7.8___The path to all fixtures in the accessible restroom is at least 36 inches wide.

7.9___The accessible restroom stall door is operable with a closed fist (accessible to a person with limited use of his/her hands) inside and out.

7.10___The accessible restroom has at least one wheelchair-accessible stall that provides adequate maneuvering space for a wheelchair.

7.11___The wheelchair-accessible stall has grab bars behind and on the side wall nearest the toilet.

7.12___The wheelchair-accessible stall has a toilet seat that is 17 to 19 inches high.

7.13___The wheelchair-accessible stall has a toilet seat that does not spring back to a lifted position.

7.14___The accessible restroom has at least one urinal with a rim no higher than 17 inches above the floor.

7.15___The accessible restroom has at least one lavatory with a 30-inch wide by 48-inch deep clear space in front of it.

7.16___The accessible restroom lavatory has a rim no higher than 34 inches.

7.17___The accessible restroom lavatory has at least 29 inches of knee space between the floor and the bottom of the lavatory apron.

7.18___The accessible restroom lavatory has no obstructions within the toe clearance area (between 0 and 9 inches from the floor).

7.19___The accessible restroom lavatory has no hot pipes or sharp surfaces underneath that could harm a person in a wheelchair.

7.20___The accessible restroom lavatory faucet can be operated with one closed fist (accessible to a person with limited use of his/her hands).

7.21___The accessible restroom lavatory faucet (if self-closing) permits the water to flow for at least 10 seconds.

7.22___The accessible restroom soap dispensers and hand dryers are within reach of a person in a wheelchair, and are operable with one closed fist.

7.23___The accessible restroom mirror (if provided) is mounted with the bottom edge of the reflecting surface no higher than 40 inches.

8. Elevators

8.1___The passenger elevators are located on an accessible path of travel.

8.2 ___The passenger elevator doors have a clear opening of not less than 36 inches.

8.3 ___The passenger elevators have wheelchair-turning spaces that are at least 68 inches wide by 51 inches deep.

8.4___The passenger elevators have controls that are not higher than 54 inches for side approach, and not higher than 48 inches for front approach.

8.5___The passenger elevators have controls that are labeled in raised Braille.

8.6___The passenger elevators serve all public levels of the building.

9. Other

9.1___Notes regarding additional observed barriers are attached.

9.2___Exhibits are attached.

____________________

16. InterNACHI's Observed Green Features Report for Existing Commercial Buildings

16.1 Definition of "green"

“Green” describes features, technologies and products that increase efficiency in a building’s energy and water usage, help protect the health of its occupants, and reduce the commercial property’s impact on the environment. Green buildings are healthier, more environmentally friendly, and economically smarter than average buildings.

Green features:

• improve energy efficiency;
• reduce pollution;
• provide healthier air;
• increase comfort;
• reduce water usage;
• preserve natural resources;
• increase durability;
• make a building quieter;
• reduce maintenance;
• lower monthly costs; and
• improve resale value.

16.2Codes and Standards

Nearly allgreen building codes and standards have been developed by private organizations and pertain to new construction, not existing commercial properties. Nevertheless, many existing properties, by design, by luck, or through modification, have green features that clients should know about.

16.3 Purpose

• This Standard does not require the inspector to determine the “green-ness” of a building. The purpose of the Green Features Reportis to permit the inspector to easily point out common green features of the property, thus increasing client awareness of the property's green features. The inspector is not required to perform an energy audit, determine code compliance, perform environmental assessments, test for radon, lead, asbestos or mold, or report on all green features or the lack of them (see Section 8: Limitations, Exceptions and Exclusions).

16.4 Optional Add-On Inspection Service

• This Standard does not require the inspector to perform this green features inspection. The Observed Green FeaturesReport may be offered in conjunction with a complete commercial property inspection, oras a separate, stand-alone inspection service.

  16.5 Green Checklist

  The following checklist is designed to help identify commonly found green features noticed by the inspector.

  ____________________________________________

Key:

• Y = Yes. This feature was observed andmay exist.

  N = No. This featurewas not observed and so might not exist.

  U = Unknown. Inspector did not note.
  N/A = Not applicable.

  * =May be implemented in existing properties.

  Observed Green FeaturesReport

  ___The property appears to be in close proximity to publicor alternative transportation.

  ___The building’s structure appears to permit expansion by building up versus out.

  ___The building, if in a cold climate, is oriented so that the side with the most glass faces south (within 30 degrees).

  ___Deciduous trees are providing sun in the winter and shade in the summer.*

  ___Driveways and walkways are mostly of permeable material, such as gravel.*

  ___The downspouts and gutters are clean and in working order.*

  ___The property appears to have systems that control erosion and manage storm water.*

  ___The property appears to have a landscape design which limits water usage.*

  ___The property appears to reduce heat-island effects through light-colored, shaded, and/or reduced-paved areas.*

  ___The building appears to utilize materialsthat are easily returned to the earth, can be recycled, or are renewable.

  ___The building appears to have some low VOC (volatile organic compound)-emitting materials.*

  ___Most of the carpeting is light-colored.*

  ___The building appears to be well-insulated.*

  ___The building envelope appears to be well-sealed from potential air infiltration.*

  ___The exterior doors appear to have intact weatherstripping and close tightly.*

  ___The building’s windows appear to be mostly high-performance or double-glazed.*

  ___The flashing above windows and exterior doorsappears to be installed properly.*

  ___The building has waterless urinals.*

  ___The building has low-consumption toilets, faucets and showerheads.*

  ___A geothermal heating or cooling system exists.*

  ___A solar system exists.*

  ___Wind or hydro-electric generators exist.*

  ___High-efficiency furnaces, boilers and/or water heaters exist.*

  ___Energy-recovery ventilators or air-to-air heat exchangers exist.*

  ___Ductwork is sealed.*

  ___Filters are clean.*

  ___High-performance HVAC air filters exist.*

  ___High-efficiency cooling equipment exists.*

  ___Ceiling fans exist.*

  ___Individual thermal comfort controls exist.*

  ___Thermostats have a“fan only” option.*

  ___Daylight views for building occupants exist.

  ___Energy-efficient lighting fixtures exist.*

  ___Some light fixtures have dimmers.*

  ___Some interior lighting motion sensors exist.*

  ___Some exterior lighting is controlled by motion sensors.*

  ___Some of the outdoor/walkway lighting is solar-powered.*

  ___A radon-mitigationsystem exists.*

  ___No visible indications of lead paint are noted.

  ___No visible indications of asbestos are noted.

  ___No visible indications of mold are noted.

Notes regarding additional observed green features are attached.

* May be implemented in existing properties.

____________________

17. International Standards of Practice for Inspecting Commercial Fire Doors

17.1 About These Standards for Inspecting Commercial Fire Doors

Many buildings, including schools, high-rises, healthcare facilities, churches, office buildings, factories and warehouses are likely to have fire doors. Should a fire occur, the health, safety and welfare of building occupants and emergency responders depend on the regular inspection of fire doors.

17.2 Purpose

The purpose of thisdocument is toestablish international standards for the inspection of commercial fire doors. This document also provides a universal commercial fire door-inspection reporting form.

17.3 Definitions

17.3.1Fire Door-SpecificDefinitions

• active leaf: thedoor of a pair ofswinging doors that is normally used.
• automatic closing device: a device that causes the door to close when activated by a fusible link or heat-actuated device.
• barrel: a cylindrical partof a rolling steel fire door that contains the counter-balance springs.
• bottom bar: the lower edge of the doorassembly.
• coordinator: a device used on pairs of swinging doors that causes the inactive leaf to close before the active leaf.
• flame baffle: a hinged piece of sheet metal that closes the space between the top ofa rolling steel fire doorandits hood.
• fusible link: a device consisting of pieces of metal held together by solder that melts during a fire.
• hood: a sheet metal housing that contains the rolled door.
• inactive leaf: the door of a pair of swinging doors that is normally latched.
• non-combustible: not capable of igniting when subjected tofire.
• sill: the bottom part of a doorway opening; threshold.

17.3.2 Terminology Commonly Found in Commercial Property Inspection Reports

Visit https://www.nachi.org/comsop.htm#2.

17.4Goal of the Inspection

The goal ofa commercial fire door inspection is to provide an indication as to whether the door is in a state of readiness to perform its intended function during a fire.

17.5 Limitations

It is not the purpose of this Standard to establish inspection procedures to: determine the fire rating or the degree of protection provided by a fire door or surrounding wall; determine the need for a fire door in any particular location; determine proper placement of detectors; determine the functionality of fire-detection systems; heat-test fusible links; determine the combustibility of floor coverings extending through doorways; inspect accordion, folding, hoistway, elevator, chute, access or dumbwaiter doors; inspect fire windows; or inspect fabric fire-safety curtains.

17.6Optional Add-On Inspection Service

InterNACHI-CCPIA's Standards of Practice for Inspecting Commercial Properties does not require the inspector to perform fire door inspections. The fire door inspection may be offered in conjunction with a complete commercial property inspection or as a separate,stand-alone inspection service.

17.7Inspection Frequency

Fire doors should be inspected after any incidents that may have damaged the door or its components, or upon noticing possible damage, but not less than annually.

17.8 Visual Inspection

17.8.1 The inspector should visually inspect from both sides of the door assembly.

17.8.2 The inspector should inspect the door opening and surrounding area for potential obstructions, items or conditions that might interfere with the free operation of the door.

17.8.3 The inspector should inspect for auxiliary items that could interfere with door operation.

17.8.4 The inspector should inspect for missing or insecure mounting and assembly bolts.

17.8.5 The inspector should inspect for evidence of field modifications that may void the door’s fire rating.

17.8.6 The inspector should inspect for open holes or breaks that exist in either the door or frame.

17.8.7 The inspector should inspect for failed glazing orglazing beads that are not intact or securely fastened.

17.8.8 The inspector should inspect for missing or broken parts.

17.8.9 The inspector should inspect for combustible sills. Sill should be non-combustible.

17.8.10 The inspector should inspect for clearances of swinging doors between the top and vertical edges of the door and the frame, and the meeting edges of doors swinging in pairs, measured from the pull-side of the door, that exceed 1/8-inch (3.18 mm) + 1/16-inch (1.59 mm) for steel doors, and + 1/8-inch (3.18 mm) for wood doors.

17.8.11 The inspector should inspect for clearances of swinging doors under the bottom of the door that exceed ¾-inch (19 mm), and 3/8-inch (9.5 mm) for doors that have sills more than 38 inches (965 mm) above the finished floor (such as repair counters).

17.8.12 The inspector should inspect the opening of sliding doors at the sides and top for overlaps that are less than 4 inches (102 mm).

17.8.13 The inspector should inspect and note whether combustible floor coverings extend through the door opening, although, depending on the rating of the door, some combustible floor coverings are permitted to extend through door openings. Determiningcompliance lies beyond the scope ofa commercial fire doorinspection. Combustible flooring should never extend through doorways protected by three-hour (or greater)-rated fire doors.

17.9 Operational Check

17.9.1 Before checking, the inspector should identify anything that might create a hazard during the operational check. If, in the opinion of the inspector, a hazard might be created by operating the door, the inspector shall not perform the operational-check portion of the inspection.

17.9.2 The inspector should open and close the door using normal operation. Doors should open and close easily.

17.9.3 The inspector should inspect the condition of any gaskets or edge seals.

17.9.4 The inspector should inspect the guides and bearings for lack of lubrication.

17.9.5 The inspector should inspect for blocking or wedging of doors in the open position, or blocked or wedgedrelease arms and weights of sliding and rolling doors.

17.9.6 The inspector should inspect for kinked, pinched, twisted, or excessively worn chains or cables of sliding and rolling doors.

17.9.7 The inspector should inspect the condition of any fusible links and heat–actuated devices (if equipped). Links should not be painted or coated with dust or grease.

17.9.8 The inspector should inspect signs installed on the surface of the fire door for interference with the proper operation of the door.

17.9.9 The inspector should inspect for signage that exceeds 5% of the total area of the face of the fire door to whichit isattached.

17.9.10 The inspector should inspect for signs that are attached by mechanical means, such as screws or nails. Signs should be attached to fire doors by the use of adhesive only.

17.9.11 The inspector should inspect for rating and inspection labels and tags thathave been painted over.Labels and tags should not be painted over.

17.10 Simulation (Drop)Test

17.10.1 Before testing, the inspector should identify anything that might create a hazard during testing. If, in the opinion of the inspector, a hazard might be created by testing, the inspector shall not perform the testing portion of the inspection.

17.10.2 The inspector should perform all testing and re-setting of the release mechanism in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. If instructions are not made available at the time of the inspection, the inspector should continue only if s/he has knowledge and understanding of the operating components of that type of door.

17.10.3 The inspector should inspect for missing closing devices (self-closing or automatic). Every fire door should have a closing device.

17.10.4 The inspector should test any self-closing devices of swinging doors to assure that they close and latch the door completely when operated from the fully-open position.

17.10.5 The inspector should inspect closing mechanisms of swinging doors for hold-open features. Closing mechanisms should not have hold-open features unless they are on doors that are designed to automatically close during an alarm condition.

17.10.6 The inspector should test any coordinators of dual-leaf doors for failure to close the inactive leaf before the active leaf. A coordinator is not needed where each door leaf closes and latches independently of the other.

17.10.7 The inspector should inspect for latching hardware that fails to operate or fails to secure the door when it is in the closed position.

17.10.8 The inspector should inspect for normal operation and full closure of sliding and rolling doors with an initial simulation (drop) test.

17.10.9 The inspector should inspect the closing for speeds slower than 6 inches per second (152 mm/sec.), or faster than 24 inches per second (610 mm/sec.).

17.10.10 The inspector should perform a second simulation (drop) test of sliding and rolling doors to verify that the automatic closing device has been re-set.

17.11 Sample Reporting Language

____________________

Commercial Fire Door Inspection Report

Client: ______________________________________________________________________

Location of fire door: ______________________________________________________________________

This inspection was performed in substantial compliance with InterNACHI-CCPIA’s Standards of Practice for Inspecting Commercial Fire Doors. It is designed to provide an indication as to whether the door is in a state of readiness to perform its intended function during a fire. Fire doors should be inspected after any incidents that may have damaged the door, or upon noticing possible damage, but not less than annually. A signed copy of this report should be maintained and made available to the authority having jurisdiction, insurance representatives, employees, and other interested parties.

___The inspector was not able to visually inspect from both sides of the door assembly.

___The inspector noted obstructions in the surrounding area that could interfere with the door's operation.

___The inspector noted missing or insecure mountingor assembly bolts.

___The inspector noted auxiliary items that interfered with door operation.

___The inspector noted open holes or breaks that existed in either the door or frame.

___The inspector noted evidence of field modifications that may void the door’s fire rating.

___The inspector noted failed glazing, or glazing beads that were not intact or securely fastened.

___The inspector noted missing or broken parts.

___The inspector noted combustible sills.

___The inspector noted clearances of swinging doors between the topor vertical edges of the door and the frame,or the meeting edges of doors swinging in pairs, measured from the pull-side of the door, that exceeded 1/8-inch (3.18 mm) + 1/16-inch (1.59 mm) for steel doors, and + 1/8-inch (3.18 mm) for wood doors.

___The inspector noted clearances of swinging doors under the bottom of the door that exceeded ¾-inch (19 mm), and 3/8-inch (9.5 mm) for doors that have sills more than 38 inches (965 mm) above the finished floor (such as repair counters).

___The inspector notedoverlapsat the sidesor topof horizontally sliding doors that were less than 4 inches (102 mm).

___The inspector noted combustible floor coverings extending through the door opening, although, depending on the fire rating of the door, some combustible floor coverings are permitted to extend through door openings. Determining compliance lies beyond the scope of this inspection. Combustible flooring should never extend through doorways protected by three-hour (or greater)-rated fire doors.

___The inspector identifieda conditionthat might create a hazard during the operational check and so did not perform the operational-check portion of the inspection.

___The inspector noted that the door did not open and close easily using normal operating procedures. Doors should open and close easily.

___The inspector noted that the gaskets or edge seals were in poor condition.

___The inspector noted that the guides and bearings lacked lubrication.

___The inspector noted blocking or wedging of doors in the open position, or blocked or wedgedrelease armsor weights of slidingor rolling doors.

___The inspector noted kinked, pinched, twisted, or excessively worn chains or cables of slidingor rolling doors.

___The inspector noted that the fusible links or heat–actuated devices (if equipped) were painted or coated with dust or grease.

___The inspector noted that the signs installed on the surface of the fire door might interfere with the proper operation of the door.

___The inspector noted signage that exceeded 5% of the total area of the face of the fire door to whichit wasattached.

___The inspector noted signs that were attached by mechanical means, such as screws or nails. Signs should be attached to fire doors by use of adhesive only.

___The inspectornoted ratingor inspection labelsor tags thathad been painted over.Labels and tags should not be painted over.

___The inspectoridentified a condition that might create a hazard during testing and so did not perform the simulated (drop) testing portion of the inspection.

___The inspector noted that the manufacturerÙs testing and re-setting instructions were not made available at the time of the inspection.

___The inspector noted missing closing devices (self-closing or automatic). Every fire door should have a closing device.

___The inspector noted that the self-closing devices of swinging doors did not close and latch the door completely when operated from the fully-open position.

___The inspector noted that the closing mechanisms of swinging doors included hold-open features. Closing mechanisms should not have hold-open features unless they are on doors that are designed to automatically close during an alarm condition.

___The inspector noted coordinators of dual leaf-doors failed to close the inactive leaf before the active leaf. A coordinator is not needed where each door leaf closes and latches independently of the other.

___The inspector noted latching hardware that failed to operate or failed to secure the door when it was in the closed position.

___The inspector noted abnormal operation or partial closure of sliding and rolling doors with the initial drop test.

___The inspector noted that the closing speed was slower than 6 inches per second (152 mm/sec.), or faster than 24 inches per second (610 mm/sec.).

___The inspector noted that the second drop test of sliding and rolling doors failed to re-set the automatic closing device.

This inspection was performed by: _________________________

Signature: _____________________________

This inspection report expires on _________________________ (one year from the date of this inspection).

____________________

18.International PhaseIStandards of Practice for Inspecting Fireplaces and Chimneys

18.1 About These Standards for Inspecting Fireplaces and Chimneys

Although this Standard applies to both commercial and residential fireplaces and chimneys,it exceeds the requirements of both InterNACHI-CCPIA’sCommercialand ResidentialStandards of Practices. The inspection shall include examination of readily accessible and visible portions of solid-fuel-burning, low-heatfireplaces and chimneys.

18.2 Purpose

The purpose of this document is to establish international standards for the inspection of fireplaces and chimneys. This document also providesuniversal fireplace and chimney inspection reporting language.

18.3 Definitions

18.3.1 Fireplace and Chimney-Specific Definitions

• accessible: in the opinion of the inspector, can be approached or entered safely without difficulty, fear or danger.
• chimney: astructure containing one or more flues for removing gases tothe outside atmosphere.
• cleanout: an opening in a chimney that provides access to the flue for cleaning purposes.
• clearance: the minimum distance through air measured betweenthe surface of something heat-producing and the surface of something combustible.
• connector: the pipe that connects a fuel-burning appliance to a chimney.
• crown: the sloped top of a masonry chimney designed to shed water away from the flue; also called a splay or wash.
• damper: amanually operated plate for controllingdraft in a flue.
• fireplace lintel: ahorizontal, non-combustible member that spans the top of the fireplace opening.
• flue: a passage through which gasesmove from thefire chamber to the outer air.
• hearth: the floorwithin a fireplace.
• hearth extension: non-combustible material in front of and at the sides of a fireplace opening.
• mantel: a shelf or horizontal ornament above a fireplace opening.
• Phase I: a type of fireplace and chimney inspection that exceeds the standards required by a traditionalhome inspection.
• single-wall metal chimney: afield-constructed chimneynot permitted in one- and two-family dwellings.
• solid fuel: wood, coal,pellets, and othermaterialsthat can be burned for heat.
• thimble: the tube or lining through a wallthat aconnector passes through to enter a flue or that a flue passes through to exit a roof.
• wall protector: non-combustible shield between a wall and anything heat-producingfor the purpose of reducingthe required clearance.

18.3.2 Terminology Commonly Found in Commercial Property Inspection Reports

Visithttps://www.nachi.org/comsop.htm#101.

18.4 Goal of the Inspection

The goal ofthe inspection is to provideobservationswhich may lead to the decrease ofhazardous conditions associated with fireplaces and chimneys.

18.5 Limitations

The inspection is limited to readily accessible and visible portions of the fireplace and chimney. The inspectionshould not be consideredall-inclusive or technically exhaustive.

This Standard does not require the inspector to:

• inspectappliances, wall furnaces, stoves, water heaters, incinerators, mechanical draft systems, draft regulators, catalytic converters, pollution-control devices, heat-reclamation devices, spark arrestors, induced-draft chimneys, fire-stopping, or for condensation issues.
• determine fire rating, adequacy of combustion air,status of product listing, compliance with manufacturers' instructions,proper clearances, proper load paths, combustibility, proper placement of flue size changes, proper thimble installation, or repair history.
• remove or inspect fireplace inserts, stoves or accessories.
• determine the need for fire-stopping,chimney enclosures, hearth thickness mitigation, or seismicreinforcing.
• test smoke detectors or carbon-monoxide detectors.
• perform video scans, smoke tests, flue-gas measurements,or engineering calculations.

These Standards do not apply to the inspection of mobile homes.

18.6 Optional Add-On Inspection Service

Although InterNACHI-CCPIA's Standards of Practice for Inspecting Commercial Properties and InterNACHI’s Standards of Practice for Performinga General Home Inspection do not require the inspector to performa Phase IFireplace and Chimney Inspection,it may be offered in conjunction with a complete commercial or residential property inspection, or asa separate, stand-alone inspection service.

18.7 Inspection Frequency

The inspector should advise his/her client that all fireplaces and chimneys should be inspected prior to the client's first use,and not less than annually.

18.8 Visual Inspection

18.8.1 Initial Inspection

18.8.1.1 The inspector should inspect for solid fuel-burning appliances or fireplacesimproperly locatedwhere gasoline or other flammable vapors or gases are present.

18.8.1.2 The inspector should inspect for unused openings in chimneys and flues.

18.8.1.3 The inspector should inspect for lack of a smoke detector. A smoke detector should be installed inthe same room as the fireplace.

18.8.1.4The inspector should inspect for lack of a carbon-monoxide detector. A carbon-monoxide detector should be installed inthe same room as the fireplace.

18.8.2 Fireplaces

18.8.2.1 The inspector should inspect for combustible lintelsabove fireplace openings.

18.8.2.2 The inspector should inspect for combustible material within 6 inches above fireplace openings that projects out 1½ inches orless from the face of the fireplace.

18.8.2.3The inspector should inspect for combustible material within 12 inches above fireplace openings that projects out more than 1½ inches from the face of the fireplace.

18.8.2.4The inspector should inspect for throats or dampers located less than 8 inches above fireplace openings.

18.8.2.5The inspector should inspect formanually operated dampersthat do not operateor closeproperly.

18.8.2.6The inspector should inspect fordampers anddamper componentsthathave rust or corrosion.

18.8.3 Hearths, Hearth Extensions and Fire Chambers

18.8.3.1 The inspector should inspect for hearth extensions that have a thickness of less than 2 inches.

18.8.3.2The inspector should inspectfor hearth extensions that are less than 16 inches in front ofor less than 8 inches beyond each side offireplace openings (6 square feet or less).

18.8.3.3The inspector should inspect for hearth extensions thatare less than 20 inches in front ofor less than 12 inches beyond each side of fireplace openings (greater than 6 square feet).

18.8.3.4The inspector should inspect the hearth, hearth extension and chambers for joint separation, damageor deterioration.

18.8.4 Single-Wall MetalChimneys

18.8.4.1 Initial Single-Wall Metal Chimney Inspection

18.8.4.1.1 The inspector should inspect for single-wall metal chimneys in one- and two-family dwellings. Single-wall metal chimneys should not be used in one- and two-family dwellings.

18.8.4.1.2The inspector should inspect for wall protectors (heat shields) with less than 1-inch air gaps.

18.8.4.2 Interior Single-Wall Metal Chimneys

18.8.4.2.1 The inspector should inspect for exposed interior single-wall metal chimneys that are not continuously enclosed where they extend through closets, storage areas, or habitable spaces, or where the surface ofa chimney could come into contact with people or combustible materials.

18.8.4.2.2The inspector should inspect for interior single-wall metal chimneys fordistancesless than 18 inches from wood frame walls or combustible materials.

18.8.4.2.3The inspector should inspect for interior single-wall metal chimneys 18 inchesor under in diameterthat are less than 2 inches from non-combustible walls.

18.8.4.2.4The inspector should inspect for interior single-wall metal chimneys over 18 inches in diameter that are less than 4 inches from non-combustible walls.

18.8.4.3 Exterior Single-Wall Metal Chimneys

18.8.4.3.1 The inspector should inspect for distances between exterior-mounted, single-wall metal chimneys that are less than 2 feet fromdoors, windows or walkways.

18.8.4.3.2The inspector should inspect for distances between exterior-mounted, single-wall metal chimneysthat are less than 18 inchesfrom wood-frame wallsor combustible materials.

18.8.4.3.3The inspector should inspect for distances between exterior-mounted, single-wall metal chimneys 18 inchesor under in diameter that are less than 2 inches from non-combustible walls.

18.8.4.3.4The inspector should inspect for distances between exterior-mounted, single-wall metal chimneysover 18 inches in diameterthat are less than 4 inches from non-combustible walls.

18.8.5 Chimney Outlets

18.8.5.1 The inspector should inspect for missing ventilating thimbles where chimneys pass through combustible roofs.

18.8.5.2The inspector should inspect forchimneys that terminate less than3 feet above the highest point where they pass through the roof surface.

18.8.5.3The inspector should inspect for chimneys that terminate less than 2 feet aboveany portionof a building (ridge, wallor parapet) within 10 feet.

18.8.5.4The inspector should inspect forchimneys that terminate less than 3 feet fromadjacent buildings or building openings.

18.8.5.5The inspector should inspect forchimneys that terminate less than 10 feet above grade or walkways.

18.8.5.6The inspector should inspect forchimney outlets that jeopardize people, overheat combustible structures, or that might cause flue gases to enter nearby building openings.

18.8.5.7The inspector should inspect the crowns of masonry chimneys for slopes that direct water intoflues.

18.8.6 Flues and Liners

18.8.6.1 The inspector should inspect for galvanized flues and connectors. Flues and connectors should not be galvanized.

18.8.6.2The inspector should inspect readily accessible and visible flues for rustor corrosion.

18.8.6.3The inspector should inspect for masonry chimneys that are not lined. All masonry chimneys should be lined.

18.8.6.4The inspector should inspect for linings that don’t extend the entire length of the chimney to a level of 2 inches or more above the crown, splay or wash.

18.8.6.5The inspector should inspect for liners that are visibly softened, cracked, deteriorated ordamaged.

18.8.6.6The inspector should inspect readily accessible and visible flues andliners for excessive accumulation of creosote,soot,or other combustible material.

18.8.6.7The inspector should inspect for flues that have two or more openings at the same level.

18.8.6.8The inspector should inspect for venting into the space around and betweenliners. The remaining space surrounding a chimney liner should not be used as a vent.

18.8.7 Flue Size

The inspector should inspect the size of the flue, if visible, and compare it to the size of the fireplace opening. This relationshipis the most important factor in achievingsufficient draft. A flue that is too small relative to the fireplace opening will be unable to lift andremove hazardous flue gases tothe outside.

18.8.8 Connectors (Solid Wood-Burning Appliance to Chimney)

18.8.8.1 The inspector should inspect for connectors from solid fuel-burning appliances that have a rise to the chimney of less than ¼-inch per foot.

18.8.8.2The inspector should inspect for connectors that are not as short or straight as practicable.

18.8.8.3The inspector should inspect for connectors that are covered with insulation.

18.8.8.4The inspector should inspect for connectors of natural-draft appliances connected to the positive pressure-side of a mechanical draft system.

17.8.8.5The inspector should inspect for larger connectors enteringa flue above smaller connectors.

18.8.9 Cleanouts

18.8.9.1 The inspector should inspect cleanouts for doors and frames that are not made of metal, pre-cast cement, or other non-combustible material.

18.8.9.2The inspector should inspectcombustible materialsprojecting beyond the faces ofchimneys that arewithin 18 inchesofcleanout openings.

18.8.9.3The inspector should inspect for combustible materialsstored within 18 inches ofcleanout doors.

18.8.9.4The inspector should inspect cleanout doors that are obstructed or do not close tightly.

18.8.9.5The inspector should inspect the interior cleanout’s lower edge for heights above the lowest accessible floor level that are less than 16 inches.

18.8.9.6The inspector should inspect the exterior cleanout’s lower edge for heights above grade that are less than 16 inches.

18.8.9.7The inspector should inspect the bases of chimney flues for distances that are not between 6 and 12 inches below the bottom edges of their cleanout openings.

18.9 Sample Reporting Language

____________________

Phase IFireplace and Chimney Inspection Report

Client: _____________________________________________________________________________

Location offireplace and chimney:______________________________________________________________________

This inspection was performed in substantial compliance with InterNACHI’s Phase IStandards of Practice for InspectingFireplaces and Chimneys.It exceeds what is required by InterNACHI-CCPIA’s ComSOP and InterNACHI'sResidentialStandards of Practice. The inspection shall include examination of readily accessible and visible portions of solid fuel-burning, low-heatfireplaces and chimneys.The inspection is not all-inclusive or technically exhaustive.The goal ofthis inspection is to provideobservationswhich may lead to the decrease of thehazards associated with fireplaces and chimneys.

___The inspector noted solid fuel-burning appliances or fireplaces located where gasoline or other flammable vapors or gaseswere present.

___The inspector notedunusedopenings inchimneysor flues.

___The inspector notedmissing smoke detectors. A smoke detector should be installed inthe same room as the fireplace.

___The inspector notedmissing carbon-monoxide detectors. A carbon-monoxide detector should be installed in the same room as the fireplace.

___The inspector noteda combustible lintel over the fireplace opening.

___The inspectornoted combustible material within 6 inches above the fireplace opening that projectedout less than 1½ inches from the face of the fireplace.

___The inspectornoted combustible material within 12 inches above the fireplace opening that projected out more than 1½ inches from the face of the fireplace.

___The inspector noted thethroat or damper waslocated less than 8 inches above the fireplace opening.

___The inspector noted thatthe manually operated damper didnot operateor closeproperly.

___The inspector noted that the damper or damper componentshad rust or corrosion.

___The inspector noted that the hearth extension had a thickness of less than 2 inches.

___The inspector notedthat thehearth extension was less than 16 inches in frontof or less than 8 inches beyond each side of the opening (fireplace opening less than 6 square feet).

___The inspector noted that the hearth extension was less than 20 inches in frontof or less than 12 inches beyond each side of the opening (fireplace openings 6 square feet or greater).

___The inspector notedhearths, hearth extensionsor chambers that had joint separation, damage or deterioration.

___The inspector noted single-wall metal chimneys in one-or two-family dwellings. Single-wall metal chimneys should not be used in one- and two-family dwellings.

___The inspectornoted wall protectors (heat shields) with less than 1-inch air gaps.

___The inspector notedan exposed interior single-wall metal chimney thatwas not continuously enclosed whereit extended through closets, storage areas, or habitable spaces, or where the surface of the chimney could come into contact with combustible materials or people.

___The inspectornoted an interior single-wall metal chimneyless than 18 inches from a wood-frame wall or combustible material.

___The inspector noted an interior single-wall metal chimney 18 inches or under in diameterless than 2 inches from a non-combustible wall.

___The inspector noted aninterior single-wall metal chimney over 18 inches in diameterless than 4 inches from a non-combustible wall.

___The inspector noted that the distance between an exterior-mounted, single-wall metal chimney was less than 2 feet froma door, window or walkway.

___The inspectornoted that the distance between an exterior-mounted, single-wall metal chimneywas less than 18 inchesfrom a wood-frame wallor combustible material.

___The inspector noted that the distance between an exterior-mounted, single-wall metal chimney18 inchesor under in diameter was less than 2 inches from a non-combustible wall.

___The inspectornoted that thedistance between an exterior-mounted, single-wall metal chimneyover 18 inches in diameterwas less than 4 inches from a non-combustible wall.

___The inspector noted a missing ventilating thimble where a chimney passed through a combustible roof.

___The inspectornoted achimney that terminated less than3 feet above the highest point whereit passed througha roof surface.

___The inspector noted a chimney that terminated less than 2 feet above a portionof a building (ridge, wallor parapet) within 10 feet.

___The inspector noted a chimney that terminated less than 3 feet from an adjacent building or building opening.

___The inspector noted a chimney that terminated less than 10 feet above grade or a walkway.

___The inspectornoted achimney outlet that jeopardized people, overheated combustible structures, or that might cause flue gases to enter nearby building openings.

___The inspector notedthe slope of a crown of a masonry chimney thatdirected water into the flue.

___The inspector noted galvanized flues or connectors. Flues and connectors should not be galvanized.

___The inspector noteda rustedor corroded flue.

___The inspector noted a masonry chimney thatwas not lined. All masonry chimneys should be lined.

___The inspector noted a lining that didn't extend the entire length of the chimney to a level of 2 inches or more above the crown, splay or wash.

___The inspector noted a liner thatwas visibly softened, cracked, deteriorated ordamaged.

___The inspector noted a liner that hadexcessive accumulation of creosote,soot,or other combustible material.

___The inspectornoted a flue thathad two or more openings at the same level.

___The inspector noted an appliance venting into the space around and betweenliners. The remaining space surrounding a chimney liner should not be used as a vent.

___The inspector noted that the size of the flue was too small relative to the size of the fireplace opening. This relationshipis the most important factor in achievingsufficient draft. A flue that is too small relative to the fireplace opening will be unable to lift and remove hazardous flue gases to the outside.

___The inspectornoted a connector from a solid fuel-burning appliance that had a rise to the chimney of less than ¼-inch per foot.

___The inspectornoted a connector thatwas not as short or straight as practicable.

___The inspectornoteda connector thatwas covered with insulation.

___The inspectornoted a connector of a natural-draft appliance connected to the positive pressure-side of a mechanical draft system.

___The inspector noted a larger connector entering the flue above a smaller connector.

___The inspector noted a cleanoutdoor or frame thatwas not made of metal, pre-cast cement, or other non-combustible material.

___The inspector notedcombustible materialsprojecting beyond the face of the chimney thatwerewithin 18 inchesofa cleanout opening.

___The inspector noted combustible materialsstored within 18 inches ofa cleanout door.

___The inspector noteda cleanout door thatwas obstructed or did not close tightly.

___The inspector noted that the height of an interior cleanout’s lower edge was less than 16 inches above the lowest accessible floor level.

___The inspectornoted that the height of an exterior cleanout’s lower edge was less than 16 inches above grade.

___The inspector noted that the base ofa chimney flue wasnot between 6 and 12 inches below the bottom edge of its cleanout opening.

This inspection was performed by: _________________________

Signature: ____________________________________________

Date: ____________________

____________________

19. International Standards of Practice for Inspecting Radon Mitigation Systems

19.1 About Radon and These Standards for Inspecting Radon Mitigation Systems

Radon is a radioactive gas that has been found in homes, schoolsand buildings around the world. Radon comes from the natural breakdown of uranium in soil and rock, and moves up into the indoor air that people breathe. Radon is the leading cause of lung cancer in non-smokers. Radon mitigation systems reduceradon levels in homes and buildings.Inspection of these systems helps assure that they were installed properly andareperforming as designed.

Although this Standard applies to both commercial and residential radon-mitigation systems,this Standard exceeds the requirements of InterNACHI-CCIPA’s ComSOPandInterNACHI's Residential Standards of Practice.

19.2 Purpose

The purpose of this document is to establish international standards for the inspection of radon mitigation systems. This document also provides universal radon mitigation inspection reporting language.

19.3 Definitions

19.3.1 Radon Mitigation System-Specific Definitions

• active soil-depressurization system: one or more of the following types of radon mitigation system types involving mechanically driven soil depressurization: sub-slab depressurization; sump (pit) depressurization; drain-tile depressurization; sub-membrane depressurization; hollow-block wall depressurization; andcrawlspace depressurization.

• crawlspace depressurization: an active radon mitigation system that lowers the air pressure inside a crawlspace inrelation to the rooms adjacent or above the crawlspace.A fan draws air directly from the air space of the crawlspace and discharges the air outside. This type of system is typically not the best choice because of the great potential forappliance back-drafting and energy loss.

• defect: a condition ofa radon mitigation system that may have an adverse impact on its performance.

• depressurization: a negative pressure created in one area compared to an adjacent area.

• discharge: the end of a vent stack pipe open to outside air.

• drain-tile depressurization: an active soil-depressurization system whereby a suction point is located at a drain tile.

• heat-recovery ventilation (HRV) system:a system that lowers radon levels by using outside air to dilute and pressurize indoor air. HRV systems are considered active radon-mitigation systems.

• hollow-block wall depressurization: an active radon-mitigation system that depressurizes the open spaces withinconcrete block foundation walls.

• inspection: a non-invasive, visual examination of a radon mitigation system.

• manifold pipe: pipebetween a vent stack pipeand suction-point pipe with two or more suction points.

• radon mitigation system: any system designed to reduce the radon concentrations of indoor air.

• radon system piping: the piping of a passive or active radon mitigation system that is composed of a suction-point pipe, manifold pipe, and vent stack pipe.

• readily accessible: a system or component that is, in the judgment of the inspector, capable of being safely observed without the removal of obstacles, detachment or disengagement of connecting or securing devices, or other unsafe or difficult procedures to gain access.

• sub-membrane depressurization: an active radon mitigation system creating low air pressure under a vapor retarder. A common example is when a vapor retarder (polyethylene plastic sheet) is installed over the exposed dirt floor of a crawlspace. The radon fan draws air from below the vapor retarder and sends it outside.

• sub-slab depressurization (active): a radon mitigation system that creates low air pressure under a concrete floor using a fan.

• sub-slab depressurization (passive): a radon mitigation system that creates low air pressure under a concrete floor without the use of a fan.

• suction point: the end of a radon mitigation system that penetrates the slab, wall, vapor barrier, sump cover, or drain tile.

• sump (pit) depressurization system (active): a radon mitigation system that has a suction point installed in the sump (pit).

• vent stack pipe: pipe leading from the suction point (in a system with a single suction point) or the manifold pipe (in a system with more than one suction point) to outside air. In active radon mitigation systems, the radon fan is installed vertically in the vent stack pipe.

19.3.2 Terminology Commonly Found in Commercial Property Inspection Reports

Visithttps://www.nachi.org/comsop.htm#101.

19.4Goal of Inspection

The goal of the inspection is to provide observations which may indicate that a radon mitigation system was installed improperly, is not performing as designed, or is in need of repair.

19.5 Limitations

The inspection is limited to readily accessible and visible portions of the radon mitigation system. The inspectionshould not be consideredall-inclusive or technically exhaustive. It is not a substitute for a radon level measurement.

This Standard doesnot require the inspector to:

• inspect any portion of the system that is not readily accessible and visible.
• activate a system that has been turned off, unplugged or deactivated.
• measure the radon level.

19.6 Optional Add-On Inspection Service

Although InterNACHI-CCPIA's Standards of Practice for Inspecting Commercial Properties and InterNACHI’s Residential Standards of Practicedo not require the inspector to perform radon mitigation system inspections,one may be offered in conjunction with a complete commercial or residential property inspection, or asa separate, stand-alone inspection service.

19.7 Visual Inspection

19.7.1 Radon Mitigation System Type

19.7.1.1 The inspector shall describe the radon-mitigation system as one of the following types:

• active sub-slab depressurization;

• passive sub-slab depressurization;

• sump (pit) depressurization;

• drain-tile depressurization;

• sub-membrane depressurization;

• hollow-block wall depressurization;

• crawlspace depressurization; or

• heat-recovery ventilation.

19.7.2 Drain-Tile Depressurization Systems

The inspector should inspect drainpipes that extend to daylight for missing devices, such as one-way flow valves, or water traps that prevent outdoor air from entering the sub-slab area.

19.7.3Sub-Membrane Depressurization Systems

The inspector should inspect the vapor retarder used for sub-membrane depressurization systems (passive or active) for seamsthat are lapped less than 12 inches, and edges that are not sealed to the walls, posts or other penetrations.

19.7.4 Hollow-Block Wall Depressurization Systems

The inspector should inspect hollow-block walls for cracks, openingsand open top-courses.

19.7.5Crawlspace Depressurization Systems

The inspector should inspect the crawlspace for the presence of asbestos-like material,and combustible fuel-served appliances located within the crawlspace or spaces adjacent to the crawlspace.

19.7.6 Heat-Recovery Ventilation (HRV) Systems

The inspector should inspect the area around the HRV system for the presence of asbestos-like material.

19.7.7Piping and Fittings

The inspector should inspect for:

• piping that is not PVC, ABS or downspout (outside);

• piping subjected to weather or physical damage that is not Schedule 40;

• pipe and fitting connections of different materials;

• piping that isn’t solid and rigid;

• reducers that are installed in the direction of air flow; and

• piping that is not continually sloped toward the suction point.

19.7.8 Piping Supports

The inspector shall inspect for:

• supports installed more than 6 feet apart on horizontal runs; and
• supports installed more than 8 feet apart on vertical runs.

19.7.9 Discharges

The inspector should inspect for:

• discharges less than 10 feet above ground level;

• discharges less than 6 inches above a roof edge, rake or gable that its stack passes by;

• discharges thatexhaust less than 12 inches above a roof surface through which its stack pipe passes;

• discharges thatexhaust below the roof surface of the highest roof of the building; and

• discharges within 2 feet directly above or less than 10 feet from any window, door or opening, including those in adjacent buildings.

19.7.10Radon Fan

The inspector should inspect for:

• interior radon fans installed in occupied or conditioned spaces;
• exterior radon fans installed underground;
• radon fans that are not connected to the piping with removable couplings or flexible connections; and
• radon fans that are not mounted vertically.

19.7.11Condensate Bypass

The inspector should inspect formissing condensate bypass mechanisms on systems in cold climates.

19.7.12 Electrical

The inspector should inspect for:

• cord and plug assembliessupplying power to radon fans thatare more than 6 feet in length;

• cord andplugassemblies supplying power toradon fans that pass through walls, floors or ceilings, orare concealed within building components;

• missing means of disconnect, such as a dedicated, labeled electrical breaker orswitch, or an electrical plug cord;

• means of disconnects not in sight of their radon fans;

• missing grounded receptacles (required within 6 feet ofradon fans installed under roofs);

• missing GFCIreceptacles (required within 6 feet of radon fans installed aboveroofs); and

• missing electrical junction boxes (requiredwithin 6 feetof radon fan locations ofboth activeand passive systems).

19.7.13 Condensate Drainpipes

The inspector should inspect forcondensate drainpipes that are not directed into condensate pumps, not directed into trapped floor drains, or do not have 6-inch or greater standing water-trap seals.

19.7.14Monitoring Device

The inspector should inspect formissing air-flow or pressure-monitoring devices, which are required toprovide easily visible or audible indication of system failure or performance in active systems.

19.7.15 Labeling

The inspector should inspect for:

• missing piping labels (required on each floorto identifypiping as part ofa radon-mitigation system);
• missing labels on the plastic vapor barrier (if installed);
• labels that are illegible from a distance of 3 feet;
• piping or vapor barrier labels that fail to display one the following: “Radon Mitigation System,” “Radon Reduction System,” “Radon System,” or “Radon Removal System”;
• a missing main label that contains the mitigator’s name and contact information, date of installation, and a recommendation to test the building for radon every two years; and
• a missing “Radon,” “Radon Fan” or “Radon System” label at the disconnect breaker controlling the electrical circuit to the radon fan.

19.8 Sample Reporting Language

____________________

Radon Mitigation System Inspection Report

Client: _____________________________________________________________________________

Location ofradon-mitigation system:______________________________________________________________________

This inspection was performed in substantial compliance with InterNACHI-CCPIA’s International Standards of Practice for Inspecting Radon Mitigation Systems. It is designed to provide an indication as to whether or nottheradon mitigation system was installed improperly, is not performing as designed, or is in need of repair. It is not a substitute for a radon level measurement.

Radon is a radioactive gas that has been found in homes, schoolsand buildings around the world. Radon comes from the natural breakdown of uranium in soil and rock, and moves up into the indoor air that people breathe. Radon is the leading cause of lung cancer in non-smokers. Radon-mitigation systems reduceradon levels in homes and buildings.

The inspector noted that the radon-mitigation system type was:

___ active sub-slab depressurization;

___ passive sub-slab depressurization;

___sump (pit) depressurization (active);

___drain-tile depressurization;

___sub-membrane depressurization;

___hollow-block wall depressurization;

___crawlspace depressurization; or
___heat-recovery ventilation.

Drain-Tile Depressurization System

___ The inspector noted that the drain pipes that extend to daylightwere missing devices, such as one-way flow valves or water traps, that prevent outdoor air from entering the sub-slab area.

Sub-Membrane Depressurization System

___The inspector noted that the vapor retarder used for the sub-membrane depressurization system (passive or active)had seamsthatwere lapped less than12 inches,or edges thatwere not sealed to the walls, posts or other penetrations.

Hollow-Block Wall Depressurization System

___ The inspector noted that the hollow-block wallshad cracks, openingsor open top-courses.

Crawlspace Depressurization System

___The inspectornoted thatthe crawlspace had the presence of asbestos-like material, or combustible fuel-served appliances located within the crawlspace or spaces adjacent to the crawlspace.

Heat-Recovery Ventilation (HRV) System

___The inspector noted the area around the HRV system had the presence of asbestos-like material.

Piping and Fittings

___The inspector notedpiping that is not PVC, ABS or downspout (outside).

___ The inspector noted piping subjected to weather or physical damage that was not Schedule 40.

___ The inspector notedpipe and fitting connections of different materials.

___ The inspector notedpiping that wasn’t solidor rigid.

___ The inspector notedreducers thatwere installed in the direction of air flow.

___ The inspector notedpiping that was not continually sloped toward the suction point(s).

Piping Supports

___The inspector notedsupports installed more than 6 feet apart on horizontal runs.

___ The inspector notedsupports installedmore than 8 feet apart on vertical runs.

Discharges

___ The inspector noteddischarges less than 10 feet above ground level.

___ The inspector noteddischarges less than 6 inches above a roof edge, rake or gable that its stack passed by.

___ The inspector noteddischarges thatexhausted less than 12 inches above a roof surface through which its stack pipe passed.

___ The inspector noteddischarges thatexhausted below the roof surface of the highest roof of the building.

___ The inspector noteddischarges within 2 feet directly above or less than 10 feet from a window, door or opening.

Radon Fan

___ The inspector notedinterior radon fans installed in occupied or conditioned spaces.

___ The inspector notedexterior radon fans installed underground.

___ The inspector notedradon fans that were not connected to the piping with removable couplings or flexible connections.

___ The inspector notedradon fans that were not mounted vertically.

Condensate Bypass

___ The inspector notedmissing condensate bypass mechanisms on a system in a cold climate.

Electrical

___ The inspector notedcord and plug assembliessupplying power to radon fans thatwere more than 6 feet in length.

___ The inspector notedcord andplugassemblies supplying power toradon fans that passed through walls, floors or ceilings, orwere concealed within building components.

___ The inspector notedmissing means of disconnect, such as a dedicated, labeled electrical breaker or switch, or an electrical plug cord.

___ The inspector notedmeans of disconnects not in sight of their radon fans.

___ The inspector notedmissing grounded receptacles (required within 6 feet ofradon fans installed under roofs).

___ The inspector notedmissing GFCIreceptacles (required within 6 feet of radon fans installed aboveroofs).

___ The inspector notedmissing electrical junction boxes (requiredwithin 6 feetof radon fan locations ofboth activeand passive systems).

Condensate Drainpipes

___ The inspector notedcondensate drainpipes thatwere not directed into condensate pumps, not directed into trapped floor drains, ordid not have6-inch or greater standing water-trap seals.

Monitoring Device

___ The inspector notedmissing air-flow or pressure-monitoring devices, which are required toprovide easily visible or audible indication of system failure or performance in active systems.

Labeling

___ The inspector notedmissing piping labels (required on each floorto identifypiping as part ofa radon system).

___ The inspector notedmissing labels on the plastic vapor barrier (if installed).

___ The inspector notedlabels that are illegible from a distance of 3 feet.

___ The inspector notedpiping or vapor barrier labels that failed to display one the following: “Radon Mitigation System,” “Radon Reduction System,” “Radon System” or “Radon Removal System.”

___ The inspector noteda missing main label that contains the mitigator’s name and contact information, date of installation, and a recommendation to test the building for radon every two years.

___ The inspector noteda missing “Radon,” “Radon Fan” or “Radon System” label at the disconnect breaker controlling the electrical circuit to the radon fan.

This inspection was performed by: _________________________

Signature: ___________________________________________

____________________

20. The Future of This Standard and Ancillary Documents

The International Standards of Practice for Inspecting Commercial Properties is a living document. Revisions will be made and posted at www.nachi.org/comsop.htm

InterNACHI-CCPIA is currently focusing on:

• assisting companies that produce reporting software for commercial inspectors;

• delivering education and training for commercial inspectors; and

• producing versions of this Standard in various languages.

Please offer suggestions for improvements to this Standard, and join us in our message board discussion regarding this Standard at: www.nachi.org/forum/showthread.php?p=275613

Formal requests should be emailed to fastreply@internachi.org or sent to:

InterNACHI-CCPIA

1750 30th Street, Suite 301

Boulder, Colorado 80301

21. Recommended Courses

• CCPIA's Standards of Practice Course

• CCPIA's Code of Ethics Course

• InterNACHI's Commercial Inspection Prerequisite Course

• InterNACHI's Advanced Commercial Property Code Inspection Exam Prep Tool

22. Recommended Reporting Software

• www.InspectorOutlet.com

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